豆油基聚酯塑化聚氯乙烯的热性能和迁移性能研究  

Thermal Property and Migration of Polyvinyl Chloride Plasticized with Polyester Based on Soybean Oil

作　　者：贾普友[1,2,3,4] 薄采颖[1,2,3,4] 张猛[1,2,3,4,5] 胡立红[1,2,3,4,5] 周永红[1,2,3,4] 

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院林产化学工业研究所 [2]生物质化学利用国家工程实验室 [3]国家林业局林产化学工程重点开放性实验室 [4]江苏省生物质能源与材料重点实验室,江苏南京210042 [5]中国林业科学研究院林业新技术研究所,北京100091

出　　处：《林产化学与工业》2015年第4期105-111,共7页Chemistry and Industry of Forest Products

基　　金：'十二五'国家科技支撑计划资助(2012BAD32B05);中国林科院林业新技术研究所基本科研业务费专项资金(CAFINT2013K01)

摘　　要：使用大豆油经醇解、酯化和缩合反应制备了豆油基聚酯,采用红外光谱(FT-IR)、核磁共振氢谱(1H NMR)和凝胶渗透色谱(GPC)对该豆油聚酯产品的化学结构进行了表征,将其与邻苯二甲酸二辛酯复配使用增塑聚氯乙烯(PVC),经热塑共混成型制备塑化PVC共混物,对共混物的热性能、耐迁移性能和力学性能进行了测定。研究发现:该豆油基聚酯的相对分子质量为3 541、黏度2.7 Pa·s、酸值1.02 mg/g。聚酯产品可将PVC共混物的热分解温度提高到256.1℃,拉伸强度和断裂伸长率分别达到6.5 MPa和230.3%;豆油基聚酯复配DOP塑化PVC,可将增塑剂在蒸馏水、乙酸溶液、乙醇溶液、石油醚和橄榄油的迁移率分别降低到0.18%,0.22%,0.28%,0.83%和0.34%;聚酯增塑剂优异的耐迁移性能可使聚氯乙烯制品的力学性能和热性能等长期稳定,也可降低由于增塑剂迁移到人体所带来的潜在危害。The soybean oil based polyester was synthesized by the polycondensation of o-phthalic anhydride and the soybean oil monoglyceride obtained from the transesterification of soybean oil and glycerol at 230 - 240℃. The soybean oil polyester was characterized by gel permeation chromatography （GPC） and FT-IR. And the synthesized soybean oil polyester was then blend with polyvinyl chloride （PVC）to form a plasticized PVC. Thermodynamic properties, plasticizer migration stability and mechanical properties of soybean oil polyester plasticized PVC were investigated. The results showed that relative molecular mass of the polyester was 3 541. The thermal degradation temperature of the plasticized PVC was 256.1℃. And tensile strength and elongation at break for this plasticized PVC could reach 6.5 MPa and 230.3% , respectively. In addition, the combination of soybean oil polyester and dioctyl phthalate （ DOP ） using as complex plasticizer to plasticize PVC was also evaluated. The migration ratio of these complex plasticizers in distilled water, acetic acid solution, ethanol solution, petroleum ether and olive oil reduced to 0.18% ,0.22% ,0.28% ,0.83% and 0.34% , which was indicative of their excellent migration property. Herein, the thermal and mechanical properties of the soybean oil polyester plasticized PVC could maintain for long time and the potential harm to human caused by plasticizer could be reduced at same time.

关 键 词：豆油 聚酯 增塑剂 聚氯乙烯 共混 

分 类 号：TQ35[化学工程]