氮、磷、钾肥用量对油菜角果抗裂性相关性状的影响  

Effects of N, P, and K Fertilizers on Silique Shatter Resistance and Related Traits of Rapeseed

作　　者：刘婷婷[1] 蒯婕 孙盈盈[1] 杨阳[1] 吴莲蓉[1] 吴江生[1] 周广生[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学植物科学技术学院,湖北武汉430070

出　　处：《作物学报》2015年第9期1416-1425,共10页Acta Agronomica Sinica

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2013BAD20B06;2014BAD11B03);国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-13);国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201203096);华中农业大学自主科技创新基金(2013PY001)资助

摘　　要：选用角果抗裂性存在显著差异的2个油菜品种,于2012—2014年进行氮肥(0、90、180、270和360 kg N hm–2)、磷肥(0、60、120、180和270 kg P2O5 hm–2)、钾肥(0、75、150、225和300 kg K2O hm–2)用量对油菜角果抗裂性相关性状影响的单因素试验。结果表明,氮、磷、钾肥用量对油菜抗裂角指数的影响均呈波峰曲线变化,华双5号和华航901达最大抗裂角指数的纯氮用量分别为160 kg hm–2和140 kg hm–2、P2O5为120 kg hm–2和160 kg hm–2、K2O均为180 kg hm–2;油菜抗裂角指数的变化大小因肥料种类而异,氮、磷、钾3种肥料中,钾肥对抗裂角指数的影响最大;不同氮、磷、钾肥用量处理条件下,角果果壳重和植株株高的变化是影响油菜角果抗裂角性的重要因素,可作为初步、快速筛选油菜抗裂角种质资源的重要指标。To study the effects of the farming measures on silique shatter resistance of rapeseed, we designed different fertilizer application combinations of N （0, 90, 180, 270, and 360 kg N hm-2）, P （0, 60, 120, 180, and 270 kg P205 hm^-2） and K O, 75, 150, 225, and 300 kg K20 hrn-2） with two varieties for better machinery harvest. Results showed that with the increase of N, P and K fertilizer application rates, the silique shatter resistance index （SRI） of the two varieties changed as a multi-peak curve. The highest SRI of Huashuang 5 was reached under application of 160 kg N hm2, 120 kg P205 hm^-2 and 180 kg K20 hm^-2, while that of Huahang901 was under application of 140 kg N hm-2, 160 kg P2O5hm^-2 and 180 kg K20 hm^-2. The change degree in SRI differed due to different fertilizers, and K fertilizer had the greatest effect on the SRI of the two varieties among N, P and K fertilizers. The silique wall weight and plant height under different N, P and K fertilizer rates were the key factors affecting rapeseed＇s SRI, and could be used as important indexes in silique shatter resistance screening.

关 键 词：油菜 肥料 抗裂角指数(SRI) 

分 类 号：S565.4[农业科学—作物学]