我国一般人群尿中铯、铍、锶、钡分布情况调查  

Distribution status of cesium,beryllium,strontium,and barium in urine of general population in China

作　　者：陶雪[1] 丁春光[1] 潘亚娟[1] 张爱华[2] 吴邦华[2] 黄汉林[2] 朱醇[3] 刘徳晔 朱宝立[3] 许光 邵华 郑玉新[1] 闫慧芳[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心职业卫生与中毒控制所,北京100050 [2]广东省职业病防治院,广东省职业病防治重点实验室,广东广州510300 [3]江苏省疾病预防控制中心,江苏南京210009 [4]山东省职业病防治研究院,山东济南250062

出　　处：《中国职业医学》2015年第4期392-395,402,共5页China Occupational Medicine

基　　金：卫生部行业科研专项项目(200802020);卫生部行业公益项目(201402021)

摘　　要：目的调查我国一般人群尿中铯、铍、锶和钡元素水平,分析其人群分布特点。方法采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样方法,于2009—2010年抽取我国8个省级行政区的24个市县13 309名6~60岁一般人群为调查对象,采集其尿样,采用电感耦合等离子体-质谱法检测尿中铯、铍、锶和钡的水平,分析其在不同性别和年龄人群中的分布情况。结果我国一般人群尿中铯、锶、钡的中位数（M）分别为4.32、47.80和0.87μg/L;尿铍的M低于方法检出限0.06μg/L,尿铍检出率为7.98%;男性人群尿中铯、锶和钡的水平均高于女性（4.57μg/L vs 4.10μg/L,51.33μg/L vs 44.04μg/L,0.96μg/L vs 0.77μg/L,P〈0.001）;不同年龄组人群尿中铯、锶和钡水平分别比较,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.001）。男性人群尿铍检出率高于女性（9.28%vs 6.63%,P〈0.001）;不同年龄组人群尿铍检出率比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.001）。结论本调查获得我国一般人群尿中铯、铍、锶和钡水平的基础数据,不同性别和年龄人群尿中上述元素分布有差异。Objective To determine the levels of cesium （ Cs）, beryllium （ Be）, strontium （ Sr）, and barium （Ba） in urine of general population in China, and analyze their characteristics of distribution. Methods Based on the method of multi-stage cluster random sampling, 13 309 general people aged 6-60 years were recruited from 24 cities/counties in 8 provincial administrative regions in China during 2009-2010. The urine samples were collected and the levels of Cs, Be, Sr, and Ba in the samples were determined by inductive coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The distribution features of these elements in different gender and age groups were compared and analyzed. Results The median urine Cs, St, and Ba levels were 4. 32, 47.80, and 0.87 μg/L, respectively. The median urine Be level was below the limit of detection （0.06 μg/L） and the detection rate of urine Be was 7.98%. The levels of urine Cs, Sr, and Ba in males were higher than those in females（4.57 μg/L vs 4.10 μg/L, 51.33 μg/L vs 44.04 μg/L, 0.96 μg/L vs O. 77 μg/L; P 〈0. 001 for all） ; the levels of urine Cs, Sr and Ba showed statistical significant differences in different age groups （ P 〈 0. 001 ）. The detection rate of urine Be in males was higher than that in females （9.28% vs 6.63% ; P 〈 0. 001 ） , and significant differences of the detection rates of urine Be were found between different age groups （ P 〈 0. 001 ）. Conclusion The basic data of urine Cs, Be, St, and Ba levels in general population in China were obtained through this study. The distribution differences of these elements in urine of different gender and age groups were different.

关 键 词：尿 铯 铍 锶 钡 一般人群 横断面调查 分布 

分 类 号：R13[医药卫生—劳动卫生]