仙女湖富营养化特征与水环境容量核算  

EUTROPHICATION ASSESSMENT AND ESTIMATION OF WATER ENVIRONMENTAL CAPACITY IN LAKE XIANNV OF JIANGXI

作　　者：张萌 祝国荣[2] 周慜 李惠民 陆友伟 刘足根 

机构地区：[1]江西省环境保护科学研究院,江西南昌330029 [2]河南师范大学,河南新乡453007 [3]南昌大学化学与环境工程学院,江西南昌330031

出　　处：《长江流域资源与环境》2015年第8期1395-1404,共10页Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin

基　　金：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项子课题(2012ZX07501-001-06);国家自然科学基金(C030604);江西省青年科学基金(20114BAB213004);江西省社会发展支撑计划项目(20133BBG70001)

摘　　要：以典型的亚热带大型水库——江西省仙女湖为例,于2011-2013年季节性监测了仙女湖水体理化指标。采用综合营养状态指数法对其富营养化状态进行了评价,并采用沃伦威德尔模型（Vollenweider）和狄龙模型（Dillon）计算了COD、NH3-N、TN和TP的水环境容量。结果表明：仙女湖水质总体处于地表水II类-III类标准,TN0.32-0.91mg/L、平均0.59mg/L,NH3-N 0.012-0.59mg/L、平均0.31mg/L,TP 0.017-0.080mg/L、平均0.028mg/L,CODMn1.61-5.59mg/L、平均2.85mg/L,Chl-a 0.37-0.95μg/L、平均0.56μg/L。从湖区上游到下游,各指标尤其是总氮、总磷、透明度和氨氮呈现明显的趋优变化特征,除TP出现III类水质外,其余指标多年持续处于II类水质状态;从单因子状态指数来看,采用透明度评价的营养状态最高,大部分湖区持续处于轻度富营养状态;TN和TP评价的营养状态次之,处于中营养水平。仙女湖COD、NH3-N、TN和TP水环境容量分别为21 208.0、3 528.8、4 991.2和248.1t/a,分别剩余容量比率56.88%、68.25%、62.89%和13.67%,影响仙女湖水环境容量最突出的环境因子为TP。同时,基于对水环境容量影响因素的分析,最后提出了提高仙女湖区水环境容量的建设性方案。Lake/reservoir eutrophication has become a more and more serious problem. Watershed pollution prevention is the key of eutrophication control. Calculation of water environmental capacity is the important basis of both the pollution prevention and the capacity distribution in the basin. This study is aimed to assess the eutrophic status and estimate the environmental capacity of the Lake Xiannv in Jiangxi Province, a lake with good water quality, in order to provide the reference for the aquatic environmental protection and capacity gross control of main pollutants in this important ecological function zone. From the year of 2011 to 2013, seasonal monitoring of physical and chemical parameters in Lake Xiannv was carried out and parameters included total nitrogen （TN）, ammonia nitrogen （NH3-N）, total phosphorous （TP）, transparency （SD）, chemical oxygen demand （CODM,） and chlorophyll a （chl_a）. Samples were collected at 4 sites, located in the upper lake-Qianyang Lake （S1--S2） and the lower lake-Wulong Lake （S3--S4）, respectively. A comprehensive eutrophic state index was applied to assess the trophic status, and the Vollenweider-Dillon model was employed to analyze the nutrient loading and assimilation capacity of Lake Xiannv. COD, ammonia, TN and TP were used as the control index in calculation of the water environment capacity. Results showed that the water quality of Lake Xiannv could meet Level Ⅱ-Ⅲ standards of water quality for surface water. The mean values （range in parentheses） for TN, TP, NH3- N, CODMn and chl_a were 0.59 mg/L （0.32--0.91 mg/L）, 0. 028 mg/L （0. 017--0. 080 mg/L）, 0.31 mg /L （0.012--0.59 mg/L）, 2.85 mg/L （1.61--5.59 mg/L） and 0.56 μg/L （0.37--0.95 ;g/L）, respectively. The water quality tended to improve from the upper lake zone to the lower one of the lake. TP was in the status of Level Ⅲ standards in some months, whereas the other indicators were steadily in Level II standards. In general, Lake Xiannv was mesotrophic, with hig

关 键 词：仙女湖 富营养化 综合评价 水环境容量 水质目标 

分 类 号：X524[环境科学与工程—环境工程]