浙江省采取综合措施阻断经输血传播HIV的探索  

Exploration of the “cocktail therapy”in Zhejiang province by blocking HIV transmission via blood transfusion

作　　者：孟忠华[1] 陈安心 吕豪 吕杭军[1] 王拥军[1] 冯晴[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江省血液中心卫生部血液安全研究重点实验室,浙江杭州310006 [2]金华市中心血站 [3]衢州市中心血站

出　　处：《中国输血杂志》2015年第8期885-887,共3页Chinese Journal of Blood Transfusion

摘　　要：目的为阻断经输血传播HIV,提升浙江省血液安全水准。方法自2011年开展阻断经输血传播HIV项目,针对输血过程从血管到血管之不同阶段,采用系统性综合措施,包括前期的加强主动退出与保密性弃血、中期的推广血筛核酸检测和亚甲蓝血浆病毒灭活、后期的推进临床科学合理用血之自体输血。结果项目开展4年来,全省献血者中确认HIV感染快速上升趋势较前被明显遏制(P<0.05),血液核酸筛查覆盖从2011年26.5%至2014年达51.2%,开展血浆病毒灭活工作血站明显增加,75%(9/12)血站其自体输血占临床用血>5%,全省血液安全得以保障。结论阻断经输血传播HIV是一系统性综合举措开展以来全省未见输血感染HIV案例,血液安全水准明显提升。项目成果需持久的维护、推进和创新。Objectives To block HIV transmission via blood transfusion and improve blood safety level in Zhejiang province. Methods The ＂ cocktail therapy＂ project was carried out in Zhejiang province to block HIV transmission via blood transfusion since 2011. Systematic and comprehensive measures were undertaken to cover different stages of ＂from vein to vein＂, including voluntary withdrawal and confidential blood discarding during the early stage, nucleic acid testing and plasma virus inactivation by methylene blue method during the middle stage, and autologous blood transfusion during the later stage. Results During the four years period since the project was carded out in Zhejiang province, the upward trend of numbers of blood donors confirmed HIV infection was significantly curbed （x^2 = 6. 007 ,P = 0. 014）. In 2014, the coverage rate of nucleic acid testing was 51.2%. The number of blood transfusion services carrying out plasma virus inactivation in- creased significantly. In 9 out of 12 （75%） blood transfusion services, the amount of autologous blood transfusion accounted for more than 5% of total clinical blood transfusion. All these led to the guarantee of blood safety in Zbejiang province. Con- clusion Blocking HIV transmission via blood transfusion needs systematic and comprehensive measures. Since carrying out the project, no case of HIV transmission via blood transfusion has been reported, and the blood safety in Zhejiang province has been significantly improved. The achievement of the project needs further sustainability, promotion and innovation.

关 键 词：HIV感染 输血传播 阻断感染 献血者 

分 类 号：R184[医药卫生—流行病学] R512.91[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]