皂苷对污染土娄土中重金属Cu、Pb的淋洗动力学特征  

Leaching Kinetics Characteristics of Saponin for Cu and Pb in Contaminated Lou Soil

作　　者：邓红侠[1] 杨亚莉[1] 许岩[1] 李珍[1] 杨亚提[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学理学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《西北农业学报》2015年第7期171-178,共8页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica

基　　金：陕西省农业科技攻关计划项目(2014K02-12-02)

摘　　要：为探明生物表面活性剂皂苷（Saponin）对污染土娄土中重金属Cu、Pb的修复机制,采用批次试验方法,分析污染土娄土中不同形态Cu、Pb的质量分数,初步研究皂苷对污染土娄土中Cu、Pb的淋洗动力学特征。结果表明：（1）污染土娄土中Cu主要以有机结合态、碳酸盐结合态、硫化物残渣态的形式存在,Pb主要以碳酸盐结合态、硫化物残渣态的形式存在;（2）皂苷对Cu、Pb的淋洗过程分为快慢2个阶段,0-240min为皂苷淋洗Cu、Pb的快反应阶段,240-1 440min为皂苷淋洗Cu、Pb的慢反应阶段,在240min左右时淋洗基本达到平衡。随着淋洗时间的延长,皂苷对Cu、Pb的淋洗速率逐步降低;（3）淋洗平衡时,皂苷对单一和复合污染土娄土中Cu的淋洗量分别为39.94mg·kg^-1和34.09mg·kg^-1,对Pb的淋洗量分别为32.54 mg·kg^-1和33.43mg·kg^-1。质量浓度为10g·L^-1皂苷可以去除土娄土中交换态、吸附态和部分有机态结合的Cu、Pb;（4）5种动力学方程描述皂苷淋洗土娄土中重金属的优劣顺序为：准二级方程〉Elovich方程〉双常数方程〉抛物线方程〉准一级动力学方程。In order to explore remediation mechanism of saponin for Cu and Pb in contaminated Lou soil,batch tests method were used to analyze the mass fraction of different forms Cu,Pb in contaminated Lou soil,and preliminary research of leaching kinetics characteristics of saponin for Cu,Pb in contaminated Lou soil were done.The results showed that：（1）Cu in contaminated Lou soil mainly existed in the form of organic matter,carbonate,sulfur residual,Pb mainly existed in the form of carbonate,sulfur residual;（2）Leaching process of saponin for Cu,Pb was divided into two stages,0-240 min was fast reaction stage,240-1 440 min was slow reaction stage,the leaching reached to basic equilibrium at about 240 min.With the continuous extension of contact time,the leaching rate of saponin for Cu、Pb reduced gradually in the process;（3）When leaching equilibrium,the leaching amount of Cu with saponin in single and mixed contaminated Lou soil was 39.94 mg·kg^-1 and 34.09mg·kg^-1,the leaching amount of Pb was 32.54 mg·kg^-1 and 33.43 mg·kg^-1 respectively.Exchangeable adsorbed and some organic state of Cu,Pb in contaminated Lou soil could be removed by leaching with saponin（10g·L^-1）;（4）Five kinds kinetics equation were used to describe the experi-mental data,the merits of the order was the sequence of the pseudo-second-order kinetics equationelovich equation double constant equationthe parabolic diffusion equationthe pseudo-first-order kinetics equation.

关 键 词：污染土娄土 铜 铅 皂苷 淋洗动力学特征 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]