十堰市气温变化对中稻生长期及产量的影响  

Effect of Temperature Changes on Semilate Rice Growing Period and Yield in Shiyan

作　　者：朱明[1] 廖小华[1] 夏金[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖北省十堰市气象局,十堰442000

出　　处：《气象科技进展》2015年第4期62-65,共4页Advances in Meteorological Science and Technology

基　　金：湖北省气象局科技发展基金(2014Y03)

摘　　要：利用1961—2010年十堰市7个气象站的气温资料和1991—2010年所辖3个农气站中稻生长期观测资料,分析了气温变化与中稻生长期年代际和年际相关关系。结果表明:十堰市平均气温自20世纪80年代中期以来呈上升趋势,进入90年代以后,这种趋势进一步加快;中稻生长季内4—5月变暖趋势最为显著,平均温度、最高温度和最低温度均显著上升,4—9月最低温度的上升趋势也较显著,其他时段变暖趋势不明显。4—5月温度的显著升高使移栽日期显著提前,播种—移栽期长度呈显著缩短的趋势,移栽—抽穗期则为延长的趋势,有利于大穗的形成和产量的提高。中稻单位产量与8—9月的平均温度和最高温度都呈显著正相关关系,平均温度和最高温度愈高,中稻单位产量就愈高。Based on temperature data from 1961 to 2010 of 7 meteorological stations and semilate rice phonological data from 1991 to 2010 of 3 agrometeorological experimental stations in Shiyan,the interannual and interdecadal correlations were investigated between temperature changes and rice growth stage in Shiyan area.The results show that the annual average temperature increased from the mid-1980 s,and this trend was accelerated after the 1990 s.Temperature increased significantly from April to May during the rice growing season,resulting in rice transplanting date advancing.From April to September,the upward trend of minimum temperature is also significant,but in other months warming trend was not obvious.Sowing to transplanting period length showed a significant shortening,while transplanting to heading showed an extension of the trend,which benefited the formation for large spike and yield improvement.Rice yield per unit area with the average and maximum August-September temperatures showed significant positive correlation.

关 键 词：气温变化 中稻 生长期 产量 

分 类 号：S511.32[农业科学—作物学]