花铃期渍水对棉铃对位叶光合速率、物质累积及产量的影响  

Photosynthesis of subtending leaves of bolls,dry matter accumulation and cotton yield in response to waterlogging during flowering and boll-forming stage

作　　者：杨长琴[1] 刘瑞显[1] 张国伟[1] 帕尔哈提.买买提 娄善伟 王致春 

机构地区：[1]江苏省农业科学院经济作物研究所/农业部长江下游棉花与油菜重点实验室,江苏南京210014 [2]国家棉花工程技术研究中心,新疆乌鲁木齐830000 [3]天地成微生物技术(北京)有限公司,北京100083

出　　处：《江苏农业学报》2015年第4期732-736,共5页Jiangsu Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：江苏省农业三新工程项目[SXGC(2014)299];江苏省自主创新项目[CX(13)5010]

摘　　要：以美棉33B为材料,于棉花中部果枝开花时进行渍水7 d和14 d处理,研究花铃期渍水对不同果枝部位棉铃对位叶净光合速率与干物质累积及产量的影响。结果显示,渍水处理棉铃对位叶净光合速率随渍水持续期延长而降低,降幅为中部果枝>上部果枝>下部果枝。渍水后棉花地上部干物质累积降低,水分胁迫指数随果枝部位的上升而增加,下部果枝的干物质分配系数增加,根系、叶片分配系数降低而蕾铃分配系数增加。渍水后棉花产量在不同果枝部位的表现与物质分配结果一致。因此,花铃期渍水降低了棉花净光合速率,致使光合产物减少并改变其在不同果枝及器官间的分配,是不同果枝部位产量降低的物质基础。A waterlogging experiment lasting for 7 d and 14 d was conducted on a cotton cultivar NuCOTN 33B with pool culture to evaluate the influence on photosynthesis, dry matter accumulation and yield during flowering and boll-forming stage. The results were as follows. The net photosynthetic rates of subtending leaves of bolls were reduced over the time of wa-terlogging and the reduction in medium fruit branches of cotton was much more than that in lower and upper fruit branches. The dry matter weight in aboveground part of cotton decreased under waterlogging stress and the stress index increased with the rise of fruit branch position and waterlogging duration. The dry matter distribution coefficient increased in lower fruit branch, and buds and bolls, but decreased in roots and leaves. The performance of lint yield were consistent with that of dry matter distribution. In summary, waterlogging reduced the accumulation of assimilates due to decreased photosynthesis and al-tered its distribution among fruit branches and organs, which may contribute to the decrease in lint yield.

关 键 词：棉花 花铃期渍水 净光合速率 干物质累积与分配 产量 

分 类 号：S562.01[农业科学—作物学]