不同氮磷比条件下结缕草克隆整合作用的生长代价与收益  

The growth costs and benefits of clonal integration of Zoysia japonica grown at various N∶P ratios

作　　者：陈惠娟[1] 李德志[1,2,3] 赖苏雯[1] 贠小涛 耿松[1] 陈青青[1] 黄瑶瑶[1] 樊治华[1] 欧阳义[1] 王明祖[1] 

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学生态与环境科学学院,上海200241 [2]华东师范大学上海市城市化生态过程与生态恢复重点实验室,上海200241 [3]华东师范大学浙江天童森林生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站,上海200241

出　　处：《江苏农业学报》2015年第4期771-778,共8页Jiangsu Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31170387;31370435)

摘　　要：为了解结缕草克隆整合作用的生长代价与收益,及其与土壤氮磷比的关系,以克隆植物结缕草（Zoysiajaponica）为研究对象,研究了对主匍匐茎实施4 种切断处理（连接、轻度切断、中度切断和重度切断）和3 种氮磷比（N ：P2 O5 =7 ：1、N ：P2 O5 =14 ：1、N ：P2 O5 =21 ：1）处理对结缕草植株生长和生物量积累的影响,并进行生长代价与收益的分析.结果表明：无论在何种氮磷比条件下,与主匍匐茎连接相比,不同程度的切断处理均显著降低结缕草克隆植株的-级A 分株数、复合节数和主匍匐茎的长度、生物量及其生物量分配,显著增加一级B 分株数、二级A、B 分枝数、母株生物量和A、B 分枝生物量分配.结缕草克隆植株对根系生物量的分配随氮磷比的升高而增大,对A 分枝的生物量分配（25. 7% - 47郾6%）始终高于对B 分枝的生物量分配（3. 9% - 16郾5%）.结缕草在低氮磷比（N ：P2 O5 =7 颐1）生境中,生长最为适宜,积累的总生物量显著高于中、高氮磷比生境.在任何氮磷比养分条件下,分别对主匍匐茎实施中度切断、轻度切断和不切断（连接）处理时,其克隆植株总生物量分别为3.65 g、2.90 g 和2.94 g,均高于重度切断处理.因此,结缕草的克隆整合作用在不同切断处理间存在不同程度的生长代价与收益,长期而完整的克隆整合使结缕草克隆植株的一级A 分株、复合节和匍匐茎的生长显著受益,而一级B 分株、二级A、B 分枝和母株的生长则出现明显的损耗.To understand the growth cost and benefits of clonal integration of Zoysia japonica,and its relation with soil N∶ P ratios,Z. japonica grown at three soil N∶ P ratios( 7∶ 1,14∶ 1,21∶ 1) was subjected to four types of primary stolon severing treatments( connection,mild severing,moderate severing and severe severing),and the impact of different degrees of clonal integration on growth and biomass accumulation of Zoysia japonica were studied. Compared with the treatment of primary stolons connection,the primary A-ramet number,multiple nodes number and the length,biomass and biomass allocation of primary stolon of Z. japonica grown at all three N∶ P ratios were significantly decreased in the treatments of different levels of primary stolon severing,but the primary B-ramet number,secondary A-branch and B-branch number,mother ramet biomass,A-branch biomass allocation and B-branch biomass allocation were significantly increased. Z. japonica performed the best at lower N∶ P ratio( 7∶ 1),and its total plant biomass was significantly higher than those grown at higher soil N∶ P ratios. The biomass allocation of Z. japonica plants to roots increased with the increase of soil N∶ P ratios,and the biomass allocated to A-branches( 25. 7%-47. 6%) was always higher than that to B-branches( 3. 9%-16. 5%). The biomass of Z. japonica plants at all three rations of N∶ P subjected to moderate severing,light severing and connection treatments on the primary stolon were 3. 65 g,2. 90 g and 2. 94 g,respectively,higher than that subjected to severe severing. Therefore,the growth costs and benefits of clonal integration of Z. japonica was closely related to the degree of severing. Long-term clonal integration of Z. japonica with connected stolon benefited the growth of primary A-ramet,primary multiple nodes and stolons,whereas wore out primary B-ramets,secondary A-branches and B-branches.

关 键 词：结缕草 克隆整合 氮磷比 匍匐茎切断 

分 类 号：S688.4[农业科学—观赏园艺]