复杂约束限制下的梯级水电站群实时优化调度方法及调整策略  

Real-time Scheduling Method and Strategy for Hydro Cascaded System With Complex Constraints

作　　者：王嘉阳[1] 程春田[1] 廖胜利[1] 汪明清[2] 苏华英[2] 

机构地区：[1]大连理工大学水电与水信息研究所,辽宁省大连市116024 [2]贵州电网公司电力调度控制中心,贵州省贵阳市550000

出　　处：《中国电机工程学报》2015年第17期4326-4334,共9页Proceedings of the CSEE

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重大国际合作(51210014);国家自然科学基金项目(51209029)~~

摘　　要：由于负荷预测偏差、径流预报不准确,如何快速、可靠地调整发电计划是梯级水电群实时调度中的难点和关键问题,主要体现在快速躲避机组限制区、兼顾电站日前计划和出力平稳性、最小化电站弃水等3个方面。针对上述问题,提出复杂约束限制下的梯级水电站群实时优化调度方法及调整策略,包括电站计算序位确定、电站组合确定、负荷偏差光滑处理、厂间负荷偏差分配和弃水调整策略。引入负荷偏差光滑技术,重构负荷偏差,保证厂间负荷偏差满足出力平稳性要求;在厂间负荷偏差分配过程中,协调日前计划,动态调整电站出力,避免落入机组限制区;采用弃水修正策略,沿约束边界调整电站出力,实现预泄腾库。所提方法和策略,能够充分考虑日前发电计划指导性,避免电站出力频繁波动,保证机组实时躲避限制区运行,避免不必要弃水发生。贵州电网乌江流域梯级水电站群厂网协调实际过程模拟分析表明,所提方法和策略能够快速可靠地满足实际工程要求,是一种是切实可行的方法和策略。The key problem of real-time scheduling of hydro cascaded system is how to fast and reliably adjust day-ahead scheduling according to deviation of load forecasting and runoff prediction. It encounters three primary difficulties： avoidance of unit’s restricted zones, consideration of day-ahead scheduling and generation smoothness, and minimization of surplus water. This paper presented a real-time scheduling method and strategy for hydro cascaded system with complex constraints, including processes of computation order decision, plant commitment strategy, load deviation smoothing, load deviation dispatch and surplus water adjustment strategy. Load deviation smoothing process is adopted to shape load deviation to ensure generation smoothness constraint satisfied. In the process of load deviation dispatch among plants, plants’ generation is modified dynamically based on day-ahead scheduling, and unit’s restricted zones can be rapidly avoided. Simultaneously, an adjustment strategy for preventing surplus water is adopted to achieve pre-discharge by revising plants’ generation along constraint boundary. The proposed method and strategy can implement the following effects： full coordination with day-ahead scheduling, prevent of frequent fluctuation of plants’ generation, avoidance of unit’s restricted zones, and surplus water prevention. Two case studies on Wujiang mainstream cascaded hydropower plants oriented to the coordination of power plants and power grid is used to test the proposed method and strategy, and shows that it is feasible and can meet actual operation demands.

关 键 词：梯级水电 实时 机组限制区 日前计划 出力平稳性 弃水 

分 类 号：TM73[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]