电力系统接地技术现状及展望  

State of Art and Prospect of Grounding Technology in Power System

作　　者：张波[1] 何金良[1] 曾嵘[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学电机工程与应用电子技术系电力系统及发电设备控制和仿真国家重点实验室,北京100084

出　　处：《高电压技术》2015年第8期2569-2582,共14页High Voltage Engineering

基　　金：国家自然基金资助(51277107)~~

摘　　要：接地是确保电力系统可靠运行和人身安全的基础。接地技术的研究涉及到地质、土壤、化学、材料、电气等多个学科及其交叉,相关研究工作点多面广,不仅具有很强的工程应用价值,同时也具有十分重要的理论意义。从接地工频安全指标、仿真分析方法、接地降阻措施、雷电冲击特性、测试和评估等方面总结接地技术的研究成果,分析接地技术目前存在的问题,并结合电力系统的发展对接地技术的发展方向进行了展望。总体来说,中国对接地技术的研究已经全面展开,对一些问题已经有了深入的认识,并且已经取得了大量研究成果,一些技术和理念已经成功用于解决工程实际难题。但是随着电网向着高电压、高智能、高可靠性的方向发展,对接地装置性能的要求越来越高,接地技术的发展面临诸多挑战,迫切需要开展复杂地质条件下的接地仿真分析技术、接地装置的冲击特性、接地装置与其他行业设施及电力系统其他设备的交互影响、接地系统多维度评估技术、接地材料及防腐技术等方面的研究。Grounding is the base for ensuring reliable operation of power system and personal safety. Study on grounding technology involves multiple disciplines of geology, soil, chemistry, materials, electrical engineering, and their overlap. The corresponding research covers a broad area, which not only is important for engineering application value, but also has very important theoretical significance. In this paper, the research achievements in grounding technology are summa- rized from the aspects of ground safety index at power frequency, numerical analysis method, measures to reduce grounding resistance, lightning impulse characteristics, testing, and evaluation. Generally speaking, the research in China has already started, has already made a deep understanding to some problems, and has already achieved fruitful results. Some technologies and ideas have been successfully used to solve practical problems. However, with the development of high-voltage, high smart and high reliable power grid, the requirements for the performance of the grounding device are becoming higher and higher, and the development of grounding technology is faced with many challenges. It is urgent to study the grounding simulation technology in complex geological conditions, the lightning impulse characteristics, the in- teraction between grounding device and other equipment either belonging to other facilities or power grid, the evaluation from all aspects, and grounding materials and anti-rust technology.

关 键 词：接地 地电位升 人身安全 分流系数 雷电冲击 安全评估 

分 类 号：TM862[电气工程—高电压与绝缘技术]