利用GRACE时变重力场探测长江流域水储量变化  

Estimation of terrestrial water storage changes of Yangtze River Basin by GRACE time-variable gravity field

作　　者：孙丽[1] 何秀凤[1] 张永磊[1] 

机构地区：[1]河海大学地球科学与工程学院,江苏南京210098

出　　处：《人民长江》2015年第16期1-4,9,共5页Yangtze River

摘　　要：由于水储量分布不均以及拟合条件不完善,传统水储量探测方法存在局限性,而GRACE（ Gravity Recov-ery and Climate Experiment）重力卫星克服了这些局限,为探测陆地水储量变化提供了新思路。利用CSR（ Cen-ter for Space Research）提供的GRACE时变重力场模型,辅以P4M6去相关滤波以及高斯平滑滤波等,反演了长江流域2003~2013年陆地水储量变化,采用GLDAS（ global land data assimilation system）和WGHM（ Water-GAP Global Hydrology Model）水文模型进行对比验证,并对计算得到的水储量时变序列进行趋势项分析。结果表明,GRACE时变重力场能较精确地反演长江流域水储量变化；长江流域水储量呈缓慢增长趋势,增长速度约为0.6 cm/a,长江流域中下游区域水储量增长速度明显大于长江上游区域。The traditional method of detecting TWS（ Terrestrial Water Storage） is limited because of the uneven water distribu-tion and incomplete fitting conditions. GRACE （ Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment） can overcome the above limitations and provide a new method for the detection of TWS change. We use the time-variable gravity field model provided by CSR（ Cen-ter for Space Research） to inverse the TWS change in Yangtze River Basin from 2003 to 2013 , supplemented by P4M6 correla-tion filter and Gauss filter;then, the reliability of the results is verified by two hydrological model, GLDAS （ global land data as-similation system） and WGHM（ WaterGAP Global Hydrology Model）;the tendency analysis of time-variable series of the calcu-lated TWS is studied. The results show that the time-variable gravity detected by GRACE can inverse TWS of Yangtze River Ba-sin accurately;the TWS in the basin increases slowly with annual growth rate of about 0. 6 cm/a;the growth rate of downstream area is greater than that of upstream area of Yangtze River Basin.

关 键 词：GRACE 陆地水储量变化 经验正交函数 长江流域 

分 类 号：TV211.1[水利工程—水文学及水资源]