多学科视角下的守法行为研究——兼论自动守法中的高效认知界面优化  

Law-abiding Behavior from the Multi-disciplinary Perspective:On the Cognitively Effective Interface Optimization in Automatic Law-abidingness

作　　者：王凌皞[1,2] 葛岩[3,4] 秦裕林[5] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学光华法学院 [2]( 杭州 310008) [3]上海交通大学人文艺术研究院 [4]( 上海 200030) [5]上海交通大学人文艺术研究院凯原法学院

出　　处：《浙江社会科学》2015年第8期33-44,157,共12页Zhejiang Social Sciences

基　　金：浙江省哲学社会科学规划立项课题<认知心理学视野中的法律推理研究>(14NDJC116YB)的资助;上海交通大学文理交叉研究重点项目(13JCRZ03)支持

摘　　要：本文将首先简要回顾守法理论学说史,接着从经济学、社会学以及社会心理学多个学科的进路提炼和总结不同的守法模型。守法的经典理论和多学科经验研究大多预设了反思性"遵循规则"的守法观念。这种对守法的看法忽视了守法行为中"依照规则"守法的自动守法机制。这一机制体现在认知心理学进路"自动加工"守法模型中。法律的高效认知界面可以低成本同时又有效地促成人们自动守法。这一模型不但有助于拓展人们对守法心理过程的理解,更可以帮助立法者和执法者更好地理解守法决策中各个激励的相互影响,采用认知界面优化设计来促成人们更好地守法。This paper briefly reviews the history of the classical theories of law-abidingness and summarizes different models of law-abidingness from a multi-disciplinary perspective. Most classical theories and multi-disciplinary experimental researches of law- abidingness presuppose the ' rule- following' concept,which neglects the automatic law-abidingness mechanism of ' acting in accordance with a rule',which is reflected in the automatic law- abidingness model of cognitive psychology approach. The cognitively effective interface( CEI) of law can help people to bring about law-abidingness effectively with low cost. This automatic lawabidingness model not only extends people's understanding of the whole process of law-abidingness,but also helps legislators and executors to better understand the mutual inferences among each incentive in the law-abidingness decision,and facilitates people's law-abiding behavior by using cognitive interface optimization.

关 键 词：自动守法 高效认知界面 法律社会学 法律与认知—行为科学 

分 类 号：D90[政治法律—法学理论]