早期综合护理干预对极低出生体重儿胃肠功能恢复的影响  

The effect of early comprehensive nursing intervention on gastrointestinal function recover of very low birth weight infant

作　　者：武艳霜[1] 马军霞[1] 葛庆霞[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东省滕州市中心人民医院,277500

出　　处：《国际护理学杂志》2015年第15期2037-2041,共5页international journal of nursing

摘　　要：目的探讨综合护理干预对极低出生体重儿胃肠功能恢复的影响。方法将转入NICU的112例极低出生体重儿作为研究对象，随机分为观察组（综合护理干预组）和对照组（未综合护理干预组）各56例。观察组在出生后4h内给予生理盐水洗胃、胃肠减压、6h内给予温生理盐水洗肠通便，建立早期母乳胃肠内营养及音乐抚触疗法。对照组按传统的方法对出生后48h内不能哺乳、腹胀、未排胎便者给予针对性对症护理。结果观察组腹胀缓解时间、吸吮吞咽功能建立时间、体重增长情况及达足量喂养时间均优于对照组（P〈0．01）；观察组患儿入院时血清胃肠激素即应激素比较明显优于对照组（P〈0．01）；患儿腹胀、喂养不耐受、呼吸暂停、坏死性小肠结肠炎发生率均少于对照组（P〈0．01）；观察组患儿静脉营养时间、住暖箱时间、住院时间及恢复出生时体重时间均明显短于对照组（P〈0．01）。结论综合护理干预促进了极低出生体重儿胃肠功能发育成熟，促进了生长发育，减少了并发症，提高了抢救成功率及存活质量，预后达到最优化。Objective To explore the effect of function recover of very low birth weight early comprehensive nursing intervention on gastrointestinal Transferred to the NICU 112 cases of very low birth weight children as research subjects were randomly divided into two groups of 56 cases of the observation group （early care and intervention group） and the control group （non-early intervention group） 56 cases. Within 4 h after birth, in the obser- vation group the children were given saline gastric lavage, decompression and colonic cleansing purge of warm saline within 6 hours, the establishment of early breast milk gastrointestinal nutrition, and music massage therapy. The control group adopted the routine care according to traditional methods, no breast-feeding within 48 hours after birth, abdomi- nal distension, no row of meconium were given targeted symptomatic care. Results In the observation group bloating ease time, sucking swallowing function set-up time, weight gain and up sufficient quantities of feeding time were signifi- cantly shorter than those in the control group （ P〈0. 01 ） ; serum gastrointestinal hormones in the observation group was significantly superior to them in the control group （P〈0. 01 ） ; children with abdominal distension, feeding intolerance, apnea, necrotizing enterocolitis were significantly less than those in the control group （P〈0. 01 ） ; parenteral nutrition time, living in warm box time, hospitalization time and to regain birth weight time in the observation group were signifi- cantly lower than those in the control group （P〈0. 01 ） . Conclusions Early comprehensive nursing intervention can promote the maturation of gastrointestinal function in very low birth weight children, and promote the growth and devel- opment, reduce complications and improve the success rate and quality of survival, the prognosis is to achieve the most optimized.

关 键 词：护理干预 极低出生体重儿 胃肠功能 肠道营养 

分 类 号：R473.72[医药卫生—护理学]