豫西南贫困县农村初治涂阳肺结核患者就诊延误情况调查  

作　　者：要玉霞[1] 赵富山[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南省疾病预防控制中心结核病预防控制所,河南450016

出　　处：《当代医学》2015年第24期160-162,共3页Contemporary Medicine

基　　金：第五轮中国全球基金结核病项目(CHN-506-G 08-T)

摘　　要：目的分析豫西南贫困县初治涂阳肺结核患者就诊延误的影响因素,为减少结核病传播、提高患者及时就诊率提供措施制订依据。方法根据河南西南地区贫困县结核病疫情、经济水平、地理环境等综合情况抽取4个贫困县作为调查点,对501例初治涂阳肺结核患者进行问卷调查。结果患者总就诊延误率为45.03%,不同年龄组患者就诊延误率差异有统计学意义(χ2=33.87,P<0.05);不同性别患者就诊延迟率经统计学检验差异无统计学意义;就诊延误危险因素的回归分析结果:影响患者就诊延误的因素中,交通状况(OR=1.734),家庭人均年收入(OR=1.274),年龄(OR=1.211),发病前是否接受过宣传教育(OR=1.025)。结论河南省西南贫困县肺结核患者就诊延误率较高,影响肺结核患者就诊延误的危险因素依次为交通状况、家庭人均收入、年龄及发病前是否接受过宣传教育。要降低患者的就诊延误率,应积极改善山区农民的就医条件,在提高农民收入的同时,广泛开展健康教育宣传工作,提高农村人口的健康知识水平。Objective To analyze the factors that influence the treatment delay of smear-positive patient in poor rural areas of Henan province,to provide suggestions to increase TB case detection and reduce transmission. Methods A total of 501 smear-positive tuberculosis patients from 4 counties were ministered a face-to-face interview with a self-made questionnaire. Results The statistical test showed that the rate of delay in seeking medical consultation was 45.0%, there was no significant difference in the rate of delay in seeking medical consultation between different genders （χ2 = 0.71, P〉 0.05）. However, there was significant difference about the rate of delay in seeking medical consultation between different group of ages （χ2= 33.87, P〉 0.05）. Regression analysis of the risk factors influencing the treatment delay showed that, traffic conditions （OR = 1. 734）, the mean annual income of families （OR=1.274）, age （OR= 1.211 ）, whether to accept publicity and education before consulation （OR = 1.025 ）. Conclusion The rate of delay in seeking medical consultation was higher for smear-postive patients in poor rural areas of Henan proveince. The risk factors for delay were traffic conditions, the mean annual income, the age, and the accepted publicity and education before consultation. Recommend： we should actively improve the medical conditions of farmers and increase farmers＇ income, strengthen health education in order to increase the detection rate of patients in poor rural.

关 键 词：就诊延误 肺结核 贫困地区 

分 类 号：R521[医药卫生—内科学]