山羊瘤胃与粪便微生物多样性  

Diversity of Ruminal and Fecal Microbiota of Goat

作　　者：王继文[1] 王立志[1] 闫天海[1] 郭伟[1] 徐琴[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学动物营养研究所,雅安625014

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2015年第8期2559-2571,共13页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：四川省科技厅国际合作项目"畜禽温室气体排放量检测及减排技术研究"(2013HH0043)

摘　　要：本试验旨在应用高通量测序技术比较山羊瘤胃和粪便微生物的结构与组成。选取6只10月龄波尔山羊,饲喂精粗比为3∶7的饲粮14 d后采集瘤胃液（R组）和粪便样品（F组）（每组6个重复,每个样品为1个重复）。提取总DNA后用古菌/细菌16S rRNA通用引物扩增V4~V5区,并用Illumina Mi Seq平台测序。结果表明：1）共获得有效序列227 729条,聚类后得13 601个运算分类单位（OTU）。2）所得OTU经物种注释99.337%被归类为细菌界,F组相对丰度最高优势菌门为厚壁菌门（65.400%）,R组相对丰度最高优势菌门为拟杆菌门（60.188%）。3）从所有样品中共检测到129个科,F组中相对丰度最高为瘤胃球菌科（37.705%）,极显著高于R组（P〈0.01）,而R组中,相对丰度最高的为普雷沃氏菌科（29.959%）,极显著高于F组（P〈0.01）。4）在粪便样品和瘤胃液样品种共检测到258个属,F组相对丰度最高的属为瘤胃球菌科未分类的属（26.914%）,R组相对丰度最高为普雷沃菌属（28.621%）。5）所有12个样品间共发现了14个共享属,其中相对丰度最高的为厚壁菌门下的梭菌属4（Clostridium_Ⅳ,1.748%）。本试验结果表明瘤胃和粪便中微生物组成存在着较大差异,瘤胃中还有许多未被分类鉴定且相对丰度较高的微生物,需要进一步研究。This experiment was conducted to explore structure and composition of ruminal and fecal microbiota of goat.Six ten-month-old Boer goats were fed a diet consisting of 30% concentrate and 70% roughage.After 14-day experiment,the rumen fluid（R group） and feces（F group） were sampled [each group had 3 replicates（samples） ].Total DNA of rumen content and feces samples were extracted,and universal prokaryote primers were used to target the V4 to V5 hypervariable region of 16 S rRNA,finally the products were sequenced on Mi Seq Illumina sequencing platform.The results showed as follows： 1） a total of 227 729 sequences across all rumen content and fecal samples were generated,and the total number of operational taxonomic units（OTUs）detected by the cluster analysis reached 13 601.2） The 99.337% of all OTUs belonged to bacteria.The most abundant phyla in F and R groups was Firmicutes（65.400%） and Bacteroidetes（60.188%）,respectively.3）One hundred and twenty nine families were detected in all samples.The most abundant families found in F group was Ruminococcaceae（37.705%）,which was extremely significantly higher than that in R group（P〈0.01）;the most abundant families found in R group was Prevotellaceae（29.959%）,which was extremely significantly higher than that in F group（P〈0.01）.4） Two hundred and twenty nine genera were detected in all samples.The most abundant genus found in F and R groups was unclassified Ruminococcaceae（26.914%） and Prevotella（28.621%）,respectively.5） The analysis revealed 14 genera shared by all 12 samples.Among them,the most abundant genus was Clostridium_Ⅳ（1.748%）.It is concluded that there is a significant difference between ruminal and fecal microbiota,and there are many unclassified microbiomes that have high relative abundance in the rumen,which need further investigations.

关 键 词：山羊 ILLUMINA MiSeq 瘤胃 粪便 微生物 

分 类 号：S826[农业科学—畜牧学]