酸性染料易染氨纶纤维的表征与性能研究  

Characterization of Dyeable Polyurethane Fiber with Acid Dyes and Study on Its Properties

作　　者：吴志宇[1] 林俊雄[1] 费长书 薛士壮 

机构地区：[1]浙江理工大学生态染整技术教育部工程研究中心,杭州310018 [2]浙江华峰氨纶股份有限公司,浙江瑞安325200

出　　处：《浙江理工大学学报（自然科学版）》2015年第5期591-595,共5页Journal of Zhejiang Sci-Tech University(Natural Sciences)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51203140)

摘　　要：为研究氨纶纤维经酸性染料易染改性对其性能的影响,采用现代测试手段分析了普通纤维和易染改性纤维的形貌、化学结构、结晶性能、热性能以及物理机械性能等,并选用3种酸性染料和3种分散染料对他们进行染色。结果表明:与普通氨纶相比,易染氨纶表面形貌没有差异;在化学结构上,易染氨纶纤维大分子中游离的—NH增加,氢键化的—NH减少;易染氨纶硬链段的结晶度降低,结晶完整性变差;玻璃化温度与普通氨纶相似但热性能略降低;断裂强力变化不大,而断裂延伸率降低50%;酸性染料染色时易染氨纶上染率高于普通氨纶,而用分散染料染色时两者上染率没有变化。通过易染氨纶和普通氨纶纤维性能上的差异分析,为氨纶改性及染色工艺和染色机理的研究奠定基础。To study the influence of dyeable modification of polyurethane fiber with acid dyes on its properties,this paper analyzes the morphology,chemical structure,crystallization property,thermal properties and physical and mechanical properties of ordinary fiber and dyeable modified fiber by modern test means and uses three acid dyes and three disperse dyes to dye them.The result shows：compared to ordinary polyurethane,the surface appearance of dyeable polyurethane is not different;in terms of chemical structure,free-NH increases and hydrogen bonding—NH decreases in dyeable polyurethane fiber macromolecule;the hard segment of dyeable polyurethane has reduced degree of crystallization and poorer crystal perfection;glass transition temperature is similar to that of ordinary polyurethane,but its thermal property decreases slightly;breaking force does not change greatly,but elongation at break decreases by50%;the dye-uptake of dyeable polyurethane in dyeing with acid dyes is higher than that of ordinary polyurethane,but the dye-uptake does not change in dyeing with disperse dyes.This paper lays a foundation for the study on polyurethane modification and dyeing process and mechanism through analysis on differences of properties of dyeable polyurethane fiber and ordinary polyurethane fiber.

关 键 词：改性 易染氨纶 表征 性能分析 

分 类 号：TS193.1[轻工技术与工程—纺织化学与染整工程] TQ317.4[轻工技术与工程—纺织科学与工程]