增压富氧焚烧垃圾近零排放电站技术经济性分析  

Technical and economic analysis on a pressurized oxygen-enriched waste incineration power plant

作　　者：阎维平[1] 海云龙 何雪鸿[1] 马凯[1] 

机构地区：[1]华北电力大学能源动力与机械工程学院,河北保定071003

出　　处：《热力发电》2015年第8期21-26,共6页Thermal Power Generation

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)项目(2009AA05Z310)

摘　　要：提出了一种新型增压富氧焚烧垃圾近零排放电站的设计概念,采用液态排渣增压垃圾焚烧锅炉,增加制氧装置与烟气压缩净化回收系统。以日焚烧1100t城市垃圾的汽轮机发电机组为例,计算了炉膛压力分别为0.5,1.0,1.5 MPa下发电机组的经济性,并与常压富氧焚烧技术进行对比。结果表明：由于锅炉炉膛压力增高,烟气中水蒸气的凝结热可用于加热汽轮机低温凝结水,减少汽轮机抽汽量,增加汽轮机发电功率,发电机组输出功率可达到25 MW左右;空气分离制氧电耗约占发电量的34%,CO2压缩电耗占发电量的5%,低于常压富氧焚烧。综合考虑电站其他辅机电耗后,0.5-1.5 MPa炉膛压力下的增压富氧焚烧垃圾发电机组的净效率可提高9.31%-9.90%。A novel design concept for pressurized oxygen-enriched waste incineration power plant with nearzero emission was proposed,in which the slag-tap pressurized waste incineration boiler was applied,and the oxygen production and flue gas compression purification and recovery system were added.Taking a waste incineration turbine-generator unit which consumes municipal waste of 1 100 teach day as the research object,the technical and economic analysis was carried out for the unit at pressure of 0.5MPa,1.0MPa and1.5 MPa,and the results were compared with that of the atmospheric pressure oxy-fuel combustion.It shows that,under pressurized oxygen-enriched combustion condition,since the systematic pressure increased,the latent heat of steam in flue gas can be recovered to heat the low pressure condensate in steam turbine,thus to reduce the steam extraction and increase the turbine power output.As a results,the gross unit power output reached 25 MW.The power consumption of air separation unit（ASU）rose,which accounted for about 35% of the power generation,and that of the compression and purification unit（CPU）reduced,which accounted for about 5% of the power generation,both were lower than that of the atmospheric pressure oxygen-enriched combustion.Considering other auxiliary power consumptions,the overall net unit efficiency at pressure from 0.5MPa to 1.5MPa of the oxygen-enriched combustion was enhanced by about 9.31%to 9.9%.

关 键 词：垃圾焚烧发电 增压富氧燃烧 近零排放 净效率 

分 类 号：TK6[动力工程及工程热物理—生物能]