浅析我国的电力计划与电力规划  

A Glimpse at China′s Electricity Plans and Planning

作　　者：朱成章[1] 

机构地区：[1]原能源部政策法规司,北京100045

出　　处：《中外能源》2015年第8期10-17,共8页Sino-Global Energy

摘　　要：我国电力工业从"计划"到"规划"分成3个阶段,即第一阶段计划经济时期5个"五年计划"阶段,第二阶段市场经济初期5个"五年计划"阶段,第三阶段市场经济时期从2005年转变为规划阶段。由"计划"转变为"规划"表明中国市场化改革已日趋成熟,政府注意发挥市场对资源配置的基础性作用;要求淡化过多过细的量化指标,更加注重对经济社会发展的宏观把握与调控;要克服"越位"和"缺位",使政府职能转变迈出新步伐。对我国电力规划有不同的观点,电力行业的主流观点认为,社会主义市场经济不可能单独完成电力资源的配置,需要由国家制定电力规划来辅佐。这种观点所说的"规划"实际上仍然是"计划"。另一种观点认为,市场化条件下,不应当有国家的电力规划(实质是计划),如果肯定要使市场在资源配置中起决定性作用,那么就不应当再搞计划性的规划。电力资源的市场配置和计划配置目前尽管都存在问题,但要全面推进电力的市场化改革,就必须走电力资源市场配置之路。The Chinese electric power industry ′ s plans and planning underwent three major stages- the five ＂Five Year Plan＂ stage during the planned economy era,the five ＂Five Year Plan＂ stage when China began to introduce a market-style economy,and the planning stage since 2005 in the era of market economy.The change from plans to planning suggests that China ′ s market-oriented reform is becoming mature and that the Chinese government is attaching importance to the key role of market in allocating resources.The reform requires the government to simplify tedious quantification indices and to pay more attention to the macro-control and regulation of economic development.The government must refrain from irrational interfer-ence in the market while preventing dereliction of duties and take a step forward toward changing govern-ment functions.The mainstream view held in the power industry is that it is impossible for a socialist mar-ket economy to complete allocation of electricity resources on its own and that electricity planning by the state is needed to support the allocation.This ＂planning ＂ is actually still plans.The other view is that in a market economy,there should not be national planning for electricity（virtually plans） and that if we want the market to play a decisive role in resource allocation,no planning should be conducted.Although there are still problems with both market allocation and plan allocation for electricity resources,to push the market-oriented reform for electricity,electricity resources must be allocated by market forces.

关 键 词：电力工业 计划 规划 市场化改革 资源配置 

分 类 号：F426.61[经济管理—产业经济]