利用宏基因组学技术分析煤层水中细菌多样性  

Metagenomic Analysis of the Diversity of Bacteria in Coalbed Water

作　　者：刘建民[1,2,3] 胡斌[1] 王保玉[2,3] 韩作颖[2,3] 

机构地区：[1]河南理工大学资源环境学院,焦作454000 [2]晋城无烟煤矿业集团有限责任公司,晋城048006 [3]晋城无烟煤矿业集团有限责任公司、国家能源煤与煤层气共采技术重点实验室,晋城048006

出　　处：《基因组学与应用生物学》2015年第1期165-171,共7页Genomics and Applied Biology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(41202113);山西省基础研究计划(煤层气联合研究基金)资助项目(2012012013);中国博士后科学基金第52批面上资助项目(2012M520599)共同资助

摘　　要：煤层气是一种重要的能源资源,有生物成因和热成因两种类型。生物成因煤层气是在煤层微生物的作用下形成的。本研究通过向煤层气井中注入培养基,采用宏基因组学技术对煤层水中细菌菌群的组成多样性进行分析。结果表明,在培养基注入前后,煤层水中微生物均具有较丰富的多样性,注入前丛毛单胞菌科、甲基球菌科、假单胞菌科、鞘氨醇单胞菌科和嗜甲基菌科的微生物为优势菌种。注入3个月后,优势菌种主要为链球菌科、丛毛单胞菌科、嗜甲基菌科和红环菌科。注入6个月后,红环菌科和甲基球菌科的丰度最高。主成分分析显示,红环菌科、甲基球菌科、弯曲杆菌科、鞘氨醇单胞菌科、假单胞菌科、丛毛单胞菌科、嗜甲基菌科和链球菌科8个科的微生物对生物成气过程有重要影响。细菌菌群的ɑ多样性从chao1、ACE、Shannon、npS hannon和Simpson指数进行分析,结果显示,培养基的注入能显著增加物种的多样性。本研究结果为解析煤层生物成气过程中微生物的动态变化提供了依据。As an important energy resource,coalbed methane（CBM） may be sub-divided into two types： biogenic and thermogenic.Biogenic CBM is formed under the influence of microorganisms in the coal seam.In this study,we analyzed the diversity of bacteria in coalbed water using metagenomic technology by injecting medium into CBM wells.The results showed that there were rich colonies of microorganisms in the coalbed water before and after injecting treatment.Before the injection,the dominant strains included： Comamonadaceae,Methylococcaceae,Pseudomonadaceae,Sphingomonadaceae,and Methylophilaceae.Three months later after injection,the dominant strains comprised： Streptococcaceae,Comamonadaceae,Methylophilaceae,and Rhodocyclaceae.While six months later,Rhodocyclaceae and Methylococcaceae showed the highest abundance.Principal component analysis showed that the microorganisms from eight families,including Rhodocyclaceae, Methylococcaceae, Campylobacteraceae, Sphingomonadaceae, Pseudomonadaceae,Comamonadaceae,Methylophilaceae,and Streptococcaceae,which exerted significant influences on the biological gas-forming process.The ɑ diversity of the bacterial biota were analyzed by indices of chao1,ACE,Shannon,npS hannon,and Simpson.The results showed that the injection of medium increased species diversity.The experimental results provided a basis for analyzing the dynamic variations in the microorganisms present during the biogas-formation process in coal seam.

关 键 词：宏基因组学 生物成气 甲烷 细菌多样性 

分 类 号：P618.13[天文地球—矿床学] Q938[天文地球—地质学]