含硫原油接卸与储运作业中的危害  

Hazards in receiving, unloading, storage and transportation of sulfur crude oil

作　　者：肖文涛[1] 王勇[1] 王晓霖[1] 蒋起祯 

机构地区：[1]中国石油化工股份有限公司抚顺石油化工研究院,辽宁抚顺113001 [2]中国石油西气东输管道公司广东管理处,广东广州510665

出　　处：《油气储运》2015年第8期807-810,共4页Oil & Gas Storage and Transportation

摘　　要：随着进口含硫原油数量的逐年递增,含硫原油接卸、储运产生的一系列问题日益凸显。通过对硫化氢腐蚀、含硫原油储罐自燃、硫化氢中毒等含硫原油接卸和储运问题进行分析,提出以下建议:建立含硫原油接卸、储运监测预警体系和应急处置预案,编制相关标准及培训规程、安防规程、操作规程等程序文件;开展含硫原油溢漏及扩散规律研究,确定溢漏危险点和危害隐患;加强含硫原油接卸、储运作业的环境监测和人员防护;开展高含硫和硫化氢原油腐蚀规律研究;研究建立含硫原油废气回收处理技术,保证含硫原油全密闭处理。上述建议可以为科学有效地开展含硫原油接卸和储运危害防控提供指导。As the volume of sulfur crude oil imported from abroad increases year by year, a series of problems become increasingly apparent in receiving, unloading, storage and transportation of sulfur crude oil. In this paper, such problems as hydrogen sulfide corrosion, catacausis of sulfur crude oil storage tank and hydrogen sulfide poisoning are analyzed. Some proposals are provided for purpose of scientifi c and effective prevention and control of hazards possibly occurred in receiving, unloading, storage and transportation of sulfur crude oil. Firstly, for example, monitoring and warning system and emergency response plan for receiving, unloading, storage and transportation of sulfur crude oil will be established, and relevant standards and such procedure documents as training regulation, security regulation and operation specifi cation will be prepared. Secondly, the spillage and diffusion rules of sulfur crude oil will be analyzed, and the spillage hazard point and potential damage will be ascertained. Thirdly, the environmental monitoring and personal protection will be strengthened at the time of receiving, unloading, storage and transportation of sulfur crude oil. Fourthly, the corrosion rules of high sulfur and hydrogen sulfi de crude oil will be investigated. Fifthly, the sulfur crude oil waste gas recovery and processing technique will be considered and used to ensure the totally-enclosed processing of sulfur crude oil.

关 键 词：含硫原油 硫化氢 腐蚀 自燃 防护 

分 类 号：TE88[石油与天然气工程—油气储运工程]