大型风力机风雨荷载特性数值研究  

Numerical simulations for wind and rain loads of large-scale wind turbines

作　　者：董辉[1] 高乾丰[1] 邓宗伟[2,3] 朱志祥[2,3] 彭文春[4] 

机构地区：[1]湘潭大学土木工程与力学学院,湖南湘潭411105 [2]湖南城市学院土木工程学院,湖南益阳413000 [3]中南大学土木工程学院,长沙410075 [4]中国水电顾问集团中南勘测设计研究院,长沙410014

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2015年第15期17-22,共6页Journal of Vibration and Shock

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51108397);湖南省科技计划项目(2013GK3086);湖南省教育厅科学研究重点项目(14A024);中国水电顾问集团中南勘测设计研究院科技项目(YJ20122.6)

摘　　要：为研究风雨共同作用下风力机风雨荷载的大小及分布规律,基于FLUENT软件对2 MW水平轴风力机在额定工况下遭受50 mm/h暴雨时的风场和风驱雨进行了分析。结果表明:风力机近壁面大量雨滴随风朝两侧分离,仅部分雨滴打击到风力机迎风面,尾流区少量雨滴出现回流并撞击到风力机背风面,冲击到风力机表面的雨滴直径99%在2.5 mm以下;气流流经风力机时流场突然发生改变,雨滴速度的调整相对于风速变化存在"滞后",撞击风力机时雨滴水平末速度不再等于水平风速;风力机在暴雨天气运行时,风轮和机舱的雨荷载可以忽略,但雨滴对塔筒的冲击作用占到塔筒风荷载的12%以上,不可小视。Based on FLUENT software,the wind field and wind-driven rain around a 2MW horizontal axis wind turbine were analyzed under conditions of rated operation and a 50 mm / h storm. It was shown that a large number of raindrops falling on the wind turbine separate towards its both sides with the wind,only parts of raindrops impact its windward surface,few raindrops in the wake area back flow and hit the leeward side of the wind turbine; the diameters for99% of the raindrops impacting the wind turbine are below 2. 5mm; the flow field suddenly changes when the airflow flows through the wind turbine,the adjustment of raindrops＇ speed lags behind the change of wind speed,the final horizontal speed of raindrops no longer is equal to the horizontal wind speed; the rain load on the wind wheel and the engine room can be ignored when the wind turbine operates in a rainstorm,but the rain load on the tower may be more than 12% of the tower wind load and can not be neglected.

关 键 词：风雨荷载 水平轴风力机 CFD模拟 离散相模拟 风驱雨 

分 类 号：TK8[动力工程及工程热物理—流体机械及工程]