三沙湾表层沉积物重金属含量分布及生态风险评估  

Distribution of heavy metal contents in surface sediments of Sansha Bay and ecological risk assessment

作　　者：霍云龙[1] 陈金民[1] 林彩[1] 王继刚[1] 蒋荣根 杨宇晟 

机构地区：[1]国家海洋局第三海洋研究所,福建厦门361005

出　　处：《应用海洋学学报》2015年第3期356-364,共9页Journal of Applied Oceanography

基　　金：国家海洋局第三海洋研究所基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(海三科2012014);国家海洋公益行业科研专项资助项目(201105015)

摘　　要：研究了三沙湾沉积物重金属的分布和污染情况,分别使用了主成分分析(PCA)、富集因子分析和潜在生态风险指数法对研究区域沉积物中重金属的来源、富集水平和生态风险这3个方面进行了探讨.主成分分析的分析将调查海域沉积物中金属元素分为自然来源和人为来源2类.其中Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd、Cr、Hg、As和Ni均为人为来源,该来源可能与沿岸的人类活动有关.富集因子法的分析结果表明,研究区域As、Ni、Cd、Cr、Pb、Cu、Zn、Hg处于低富集状态.这说明该地区由工业活动所导致重金属污染还处于初级阶段,其污染状况的发展需要及时关注.潜在生态风险指数法分析结果表明,研究区域80%站位(1、2、3、4、5、6、7、9、10、11、12和14)处于中等污染的生态风险水平,沉积物中Hg、Cd、As和Ni为主要生态危害的重金属元素.The distribution and contamination of heavy metals were analyzed in the surface sediments of Sansha Bay.Principal component analysis（ PCA）,enrichment factor（ EF） and ecological risk index（ RI） were used to study the sources,enrichment levels and ecological risk of heavy metals. The results of PCA analysis divided the sources of heavy metals into natural factor and anthropogenic factors. Cu,Pb,Zn,Cd,Cr,Hg,As and Ni belonged to the anthropogenic factor,which could be mainly due to the human activities along the coastal areas. The analysis of EF revealed that Ar,Ni,Cd,Cr,Pb,Cu,Zn and Hg were minor enrichment. It showed that the contamination of heavy metals in surface sediments were rather low and its developments should be monitored. The results of RIshowed that 80% of sites（ 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,9,10,11,12 and 14） were in the state of moderate risk ecologically. Hg,Cd,As and Ni were the most important heavy metals by their RI values.

关 键 词：海洋化学 重金属 沉积物 主成分分析 富集因子 潜在生态风险指数 三沙湾 

分 类 号：P734[天文地球—海洋化学]