瓣膜置换术后患者康复期抗凝自我管理的现象学研究  

Phenomenological research on anticoagulation-related self-management behavior in rehabilitation period for patients with heart valves replacement

作　　者：王亚莉[1] 

机构地区：[1]川北医学院附属医院心胸外科,南充637000

出　　处：《中国实用护理杂志》2015年第21期1565-1568,共4页Chinese Journal of Practical Nursing

基　　金：“十二五”国家科技支撑计划（2011BAI11B18）

摘　　要：目的 探讨心脏瓣膜置换术后患者康复期抗凝自我管理的知、信、行的现况.方法 采用质性研究中的Van Manen的诠释现象学研究法,对20名社区心脏瓣膜置换术后康复期抗凝患者进行深入访谈,运用类属分析法对访谈结果进行分析.结果 经过反复的自省、比较、归纳,提炼出4大主题：心脏瓣膜置换术后患者康复期抗凝自我管理的知识和技能缺乏,自我管理信念态度参差不齐,自我管理行为及服药的依从性差,获取康复期抗凝指导的途径少.结论 重视社区瓣膜病康复期抗凝患者,尤其文化程度低、高龄、偏远社区的患者,护理人员在出院指导及随访的过程中要有针对性地实施健康教育,指导其正确的抗凝治疗,减少并发症,提高患者的生存率,改善其生命质量.Objective To explore the status quo of knowledge,belief,and practice of anticoagulationrelated self-management in rehabilitation period for patients with haeat valves replacement.Methods Van Manen＇s hermeneutic phenomenology was used as qualitative research method.Twenty patients who had undergone heart valves replacement operation were selected and interviewed.The results of interview were analyzed with category analysis.Results After repeated self-examination,comparison,and summery,four themes were refined,including patients lack anticoagulation-related knowledge and skills in rehabilitation period,the levels of patients＇ attitudes and beliefs varied greatly,patients＇ compliance of self-management behavior and taking medicine was low,there were limited channels to get anticoagulation-related information in rehabilitation period.Conclusions More attention should be paid to patients for anticoagulation management after valve replacement operation,especially to those of low literacy,older age,and rural area.Nurses should implement the specific health education about anticoagulation management to patients during discharge guide and following-up period to minimize complications,promote the survival rate,and improve their quality of life.

关 键 词：心脏瓣膜 置换 抗凝 自我管理 现象学研究 

分 类 号：R473.6[医药卫生—护理学]