昭通市吸毒人员丙型肝炎病毒感染情况调查分析  

The investigation of hepatitis C infection among drug addicts in Zhaotong

作　　者：邓荣界 豆金成 邓成美 徐声望 卯莹 罗辉武 

机构地区：[1]昭通市中医医院,云南昭通657000 [2]昭通市戒毒劳教所,云南昭通657000

出　　处：《口岸卫生控制》2015年第4期31-34,共4页Port Health Control

摘　　要：目的了解昭通市吸毒人群丙型肝炎病毒感染情况,分析感染途径及原因,为加强吸毒人员管理,有效防控丙型肝炎病毒在该人群中的传播提出针对性防控措施和依据。方法对昭通市戒毒劳教所所有在押吸毒人员进行问卷调查,同时采集静脉血3m L,用ELISA方法进行丙肝抗体的检测并作统计分析。结果 1 184名吸毒人员,丙型肝炎病毒感染者539名,感染率45.52%;注射方式和烫吸方式吸毒的感染率分别为76.15%和23.21%,注射感染率明显高于烫吸感染率(χ2=3.84,P<0.05);0-6月,7月-1年,1年1月-2年,2年1月-5年,5年1月-10年,以及10年以上不同吸毒年限的感染率依次为(%):20.34,29.61,33.71,43.88,59.72,80.33(χ2=11.07,P<0.05),吸毒年限越长,感染率越高。结论昭通市吸毒人群丙型肝炎病毒感染率明显高于我国一般人群的3.2%和世界卫生组织统计,全球平均感染率的3%;注射吸毒感染率明显高于烫吸感染率;吸毒年限长的感染率高于吸毒短的感染率。注射感染是丙型肝炎病毒感染的主要途径,但其他感染途径也不容忽视;共用注射器吸毒是感染的主要原因,性乱,长期反复接触病原体也是引起高感染率的原因之一。对该人群丙型肝炎病毒感染的防控要早:让吸毒人员及早戒毒;少:打击贩毒,减少吸毒;干预:通过针具交换,推广使用安全套,干预高危行为。Abstract Objective Based on the status survey of hepatitis C infection among drug addicts in Zhaotong, this paper analyzes the ways and causes of the infection, and provides targeted prevention and control measures to effectively manage drug addicts and control the spread of hepatitis C virus among them. Methods Questionnaire survey is carried out among all the drug addicts in Zhaotong Compulsory Detoxification Centre. At the same time, we collect 3mL venous blood specimens to detect its antibody to hepatitis C with ELISA method and analyze the statistics. Results Among 1184 drug addicts, HCV infection cases are 539, with a rate of 45.52% ; the infection rate of injection and iron absorption way is 76.15% and 23.21% respectively, the former is higher than the latter （χ^2 = 3.84, P 〈0.05）. The infection rate for different drug use period is as follows： 0 - 6 months： 20.34% ; 7 months - 1 year： 29.61% ; 13 months - 2 years： 33.71% ; 25 months - 5 years： 43.88% ; 61 months - 10 years： 59.72% ; over 10 years ： 80.33 % （ χ^2 = 11.07, P 〈 0.05 ）. The longer they take drugs, the higher the infection rate is. Conclusion The infection rate of Hepatitis C virus among drug addicts in Zhaotong is higher than that of ordinary people with a rate of 3.2%, and higher than the global average rate of 3% based on the statistics of World Health fection way is Organization. The infection rate of injection way is obviously higher than that of iron absorption way ; the infection rate of those who way is the major route of HCV infection is sharing take drugs for a long time is higher than that of those who just addicted to it. The injection the infection of HCV, but other infection routes shouldnt be ignored. The main cause of the same syringe and needle. Unprotected sexual activities and long -term repeated exposure to pathogens are also the causes of high infection. The prevention and control of the HCV infection for these people should meet the following requirement： in advance： to make the drug addic

关 键 词：吸毒人群 丙型肝炎病毒 注射吸毒 烫吸 

分 类 号：R512.6[医药卫生—内科学]