城市河岸游憩设施规划设计研究——以溧水一干河为例  

On Planning and Design of Urban Riparian Recreational Facilities: A Case Study of Yigan River

作　　者：万静[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京林业大学风景园林学院

出　　处：《南京林业大学学报（人文社会科学版）》2015年第2期94-103,共10页Journal of Nanjing Forestry University(Humanities and Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：江苏省政府留学奖学金项目资助

摘　　要：随着城市的发展,城市居民对滨水游憩的需求日益增长。传统河岸景观多为基于硬质驳岸或护坡的单一的河岸步道和绿化带的设置,景观广场、小品等的设计也多着眼于城市形象的提升,形象单调乏味,抹去了城市河岸的自然变化之美,缺乏持久的吸引力,不能满足多样化的游憩需求,也不适用于延伸至郊野区域的城市河岸的景观。笔者在溧水一干河景观设计过程中,从游憩行为需求分析入手,分析城市居民的河岸游憩需求,行为特点,行为模式,设施的使用方式,使用密度等。从适应人的亲水游憩活动的角度,针对不同心理需求和不同类型行为特点对河岸游憩设施的设计方法进行归纳,针对溧水一干河构建一个较为完整的河岸游憩设施体系。运用游憩机会谱理论(Recreation Opportunity Spectrum),结合一干河实地调研,探讨能够体现一干河河流自然生态特征和地域特征的河岸游憩设施规划设计,将河岸游憩区域根据不同的城市化程度划分为四类。针对四类游憩区域构建游憩设施体系,基于不同的河流自然生态基础和景观植物恢复,在充分保护城市河流的自然特征的基础上,根据周边居民游憩需求提供不同的游憩设施。为居民提供丰富多样的河岸滨水游憩空间和游憩机会,提升城市河岸游憩空间的魅力,并且提高城市河岸景观空间的游憩满意度。The requirements of residents for riparian recreation are growing with increasing urbanization. The traditional riparian landscapes, usually with walk paths and green belts on embankment, and squares and opuscule designed to promote the city images, can neither meet the diverse recreation demands, nor apply to urban riparian landscape demand on the outskirts for the lack of attraction out of the loss of natural beauty. In the landscapes design process of the Yigan river in Lishui District of Nanjing, starting from the analysis of recreation demands including the analysis of behavior characteristics, behavior patterns, facility use, use intensity, etc., the author set up a full set of recreational facility by drawing on design experiences of riparian recreation which suits various psychological needs and behavior characteristics. Applying Recreation Opportunity Spectrum in combination with the filed study of the Yigan river, this paper discusses the design of riparian recreation facility with local ecological and geographical characteristics. The whole recreation area is divided into four types with different urbanization levels and different ecological basis and Landscape plants. Different recreational facilities are designed for each type of area in considering of its different natural characteristics and different recreation needs of residents there so as to provide a rich variety of recreation spaces and opportunities, to enhance the charm of urban recreation space, and to improve the recreation satisfaction.

关 键 词：城市河岸 滨河景观 游憩设施 

分 类 号：F592.7[经济管理—旅游管理]