新型工业油料作物亚麻荠:从基因组到代谢工程  

New Type of Industrial Oilseed Crop Camelina sativa: from Genome to Metabolic Engineering

作　　者：苑丽霞[1,2] 毛雪[1] 高昌勇[1] 张莉[1] 薛金爱[1] 李润植[1] 

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学分子农业与生物能源研究所,山西太谷030801 [2]晋中学院生物科学与技术学院,山西晋中030600

出　　处：《植物生理学报》2015年第8期1204-1216,共13页Plant Physiology Journal

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(30971806;31201266和31401430);国家"948"项目(2014-Z39);山西省煤基重点科技攻关项目(FT-2014-01)

摘　　要：亚麻荠是一种新发掘的重要工业油料作物,具有低耗、广适和多抗等优异农艺性状。因生育短和已建立简易高效遗传转化体系,亚麻荠正发展成为理想的新型模式植物。本文重点介绍亚麻荠基因组、转录组、蛋白组以及遗传图谱的最新研究进展,深入论述亚麻荠种子代谢工程策略及所取得成就,特别是乙酰甘油脂、羟化脂肪酸、中链脂肪酸、长链ω-3多聚不饱和脂肪酸和棕榈油酸等高值油脂生物合成途径的代谢组装,分析和讨论未来亚麻荠前沿研究动向及其产业发展前景。Camelina sativa is newly re-embraced as an important industrial oilseed crop with several excellent agronomic traits of low-input, broad adaptation and multiple resistance. With the short life cycle and an established system of a simple and effective genetic transformation, camelina is currently being developed as an ideal model crop. In the paper, we mainly highlight the latest advance in genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics and genetic mapping. Moreover, we deeply analysis camelina seed metabolic engineering strategy and its promising achievements. Particularly, it is described regarding the metabolic assembly of biosynthesis pathway for acetyl glycerides, hydroxylated fatty acids, medium-chain fatty acids, ω-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, palmitoleic acid（ω-7） and other high-value oils. At last, we discuss the cutting-edge research directions in camelina such as genome editing application and future outlook for camelina industry development.

关 键 词：亚麻荠 基因组 遗传图谱 转录组 高值油脂 生物燃油 代谢工程 

分 类 号：S565.9[农业科学—作物学]