乾嘉苗民起事之初清政府失利原因探析  

The Analysis of Reason of Qing Government to Defeat among Miao People at the Beginning of the Uprising in Qian-Jia

作　　者：谭卫华[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南师范大学,湖南长沙410000

出　　处：《青海民族大学学报（社会科学版）》2015年第3期56-62,共7页Journal of Qinghai Minzu University：Social Sciences

基　　金：作者主持的湖南省民族学优势特色重点学科项目"乾嘉苗民起义后湘西苗疆社会秩序的重建及民族地区长治久安研究"(项目编号:HNYTZ005);李汉林教授主持;作者参与的国家社会科学基金一般项目"<苗防备览>整理与研究"(项目编号:11BMZ014)的阶段性研究成果

摘　　要：乾嘉苗民起事中,清政府调动七省十八万兵力,花费巨额军费实施镇压平定了起事。然而,为什么起事初清政府在战场上处于失利状态,不能迅速蒇事?本文通过档案史料记载分析,认为这是多种因素综合作用的结果。其内部原因主要是清政府军队战斗力衰弱、调度指挥的慌乱,而且军队对战地环境、气候不适应,外部原因在于起事苗民以内部文化为基础形成牢固的组织力量。以史为鉴,必须深入了解一个民族的生存环境与历史文化,才能更好地处理好民族关系,维护民族地区和谐稳定。In the Miao insurgence of the Qianlong and Jiaqing （1795-1797） periods, the Qing dynasty government suppressed and calmed it down with one hundred eighty thousand armed forces of seven provinces, which spent a huge sum of military expenditure. However, Why the Qing dy-nasty government could not put down the insurgence and suffered a setback in the initial stage？ Though the analyses of the historical documents, the author holds that setbacks of Qing dynasty government were the result of a combination of factors. The internal causes were that the army battle effec-tiveness was weak and hurried commanding, and the Qing dynasty government was unfamiliar and maladjusted to local environment and climate as well. The external causes were that the Miao formed a tight organizational strength under the indigenous culture. Learning a lesson from history, we should look into the ethnic living environment and indigenous culture to deal with ethnic relationships well and maintain harmony and stability in mi-nority areas.

关 键 词：乾嘉苗民起事 苗民 清政府 失利 

分 类 号：K249.3[历史地理—历史学]