杭州湾不同水域秋季浮游动物群落结构及其影响因素  

Zooplankton community structure in relation to influencing factors in different parts of Hangzhou Bay in autumn

作　　者：张冬融 徐兆礼[1] 徐佳奕[1] 陈佳杰[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所农业部海洋与河口渔业重点开放实验室,上海200090 [2]上海海洋大学海洋科学学院,上海201306

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2015年第9期2859-2866,共8页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41176131);海洋公益性行业科研专项经费项目(201305027)资助

摘　　要：依据2009、2011和2012年秋季在杭州湾北岸东侧水域(30.68°—30.83°N,121.67°—121.87°E)、杭州湾南岸东侧水域(29.95°—30.24°N,121.60°—121.85°E)和杭州湾北岸西侧水域(30.58°—30.77°N,121.31°—121.56°E)的海洋综合调查资料,分析了杭州湾不同水域浮游动物的种类组成、生态类群及相似性等群落结构特征,以及其影响因素.结果表明:杭州湾北岸西侧水域浮游动物有14种,虫肢歪水蚤为绝对优势种,钱塘江径流是影响该水域浮游动物的主要水团,生态类群以亚热带河口半咸水种为主,占浮游动物总丰度的79.8%.杭州湾北岸东侧水域浮游动物有19种,主要受长江冲淡水和东海外海水水团的影响,生态类群主要为暖温带沿岸低盐种和亚热带沿岸低盐种,分别占该水域总丰度的43.5%和31.1%.杭州湾南岸东侧水域浮游动物有25种,主要受东海外海水的影响,亚热带沿岸低盐种的丰度占总丰度的72.3%,为最主要的生态类群,其次是亚热带近海种,占总丰度的18.3%,其中亚热带沿岸低盐种左突唇角水蚤占总丰度的65.3%.聚类、排序结果表明,杭州湾不同水域浮游动物群落结构的空间异质性分布比较明显,与各自水域受到不同水团的影响有关.Based on the data collected from three oceanographic surveys in the east area of north（ 30.68°—30.83° N,121.67°—121.87° E）,the east area of south（ 29.95°—30.24° N,121.60°—121.85° E）,and the west area of north（ 30.58°—30.77° N,121.31°—121.56° E） Hangzhou Bay during the autumn of 2009,2011 and 2012,we analyzed the species composition,ecological groups and the similarity of zooplankton community,as well as influencing factors. The results indicated that a total of 14 species belonging to 6 groups were identified in the west area of north Hangzhou Bay. Tortanus vermiculus was the predominant species. The zooplankton assembles were mainly influenced by the runoff strength of the Qiantang River. The zooplankton fauna was mainly composed of the subtropical estuarine brackish-water species,accounting for 79.8% in the total abundance. A total of 19 species belonging to 6 groups were identified in the east area of north Hangzhou Bay. The composition of zooplankton community was mainly influenced by the Changjiang diluted water and offshore water of the East China Sea. It was mainly composed of warm-temperature and subtropical nearshore low-salinity species,accounting for 43.5% and 31.1% in the total abundance,respectively. In the east area of south Hangzhou Bay,a total of 25 species belonging to 7 groups were identified. The composition of zooplankton community was mainly influenced by the offshore water of the East China Sea. The dominate eco-group types were subtropical nearshore low-salinity and subtropical nearshore species,accounting for 72.3% and 18.3% in the total abundance,respectively. And the ecological groups of species with the highest abundance was Labidocera sinilobata,accounting for 65.3% in the total abundance. By hierarchical cluster analysis and non-metric multidimensional scaling（ NMDS） method,it was found that the zooplankton communities in the three parts of Hangzhou Bay were significantly different,which were closely associated with the impacts of different wate

关 键 词：杭州湾 浮游动物 群落结构 水团 

分 类 号：Q958.8[生物学—动物学]