长江口近岸水域棘头梅童鱼资源现状的评估  

Assessment of resource situation of Collichthys lucidus in coastal waters of the Yangtze estuary

作　　者：胡艳[1,2] 张涛[1] 杨刚[1] 赵峰[1] 侯俊利[1] 章龙珍[1] 庄平[1] 

机构地区：[1]农业部东海与远洋渔业资源开发利用重点实验室/农业部东海与长江口渔业资源环境科学观测实验站/中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所,上海200090 [2]上海海洋大学水产与生命学院,上海201306

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2015年第9期2867-2873,共7页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201203065);上海市科技兴农重点攻关项目(2012-4-1);农业部财政专项(2130135-探捕)资助

摘　　要：为了评估长江口近岸水域棘头梅童鱼的资源状况，利用2012-2013年底拖网调查数据，基于体长频率分布的方法研究了长江口近岸棘头梅童鱼的生长和种群参数．采用FiSATⅡ软件中的ELEFAN模块计算了长江口棘头梅童鱼的Von Bertalanffy生长参数，结合Pauly经验公式估算其自然死亡系数，并建立Beverton-Holt动态综合模型预测其资源变化趋势．结果表明：2012-2013年共采集到棘头梅童鱼样本4201尾，体长范围18—155mm，其生长系数（K）和极限体长（L∞）分别为1．1和162．75mm，种群总死亡系数（Z）、自然死亡系数（M）和捕捞死亡系数（F）分别为4．040、1．683和2．357．当前长江口近岸水域棘头梅童鱼的资源开发率（E）为0．583，大于Fopt（0．5），年平均资源数量为1．33亿尾，对应的资源量为576．02t．目前长江口水域棘头梅童鱼资源已处于过度捕捞状态．In order to assess the resource status of Collichthys lucidus in coastal waters estuary, the growth and population parameters were studied by the length frequency method based on the bottom trawl investigation data from 2012 to 2013. Von Bertalanffy of Yangtze distribution growth parameters were calculated by using the ELEFAN module in FiSAT Ⅱ software while the natural mortality rate （M） was estimated via Pauly＇ s empirical equation. Besides, the Beverton-Holt dynamic model was developed to predict the variation trend of C. lucidus resource in coastal waters of Yangtze estuary. The results showed that in 2012-2013, a total of 4201 samples of C. lucidus with body lengths ranging from 18 to 155 mm were collected from the coastal waters of Yangtze estuary. The growth parameter （K） and limit length （L∞） were 1.1 and 162.75 mm while the total mortality rate （Z）, the natural mortality rate （M） and the fishing mortality rate （F） were 4.040, 1.683 and 2.357, respectively. Moreover, the current exploitation （E） of C. lucidus in coastal waters of Yangtze estuary was 0.583 per year, which was larger than Fopt （0.5）. Corresponding to the average stock of 576.02 t, the resource amount of C. lucidus reached up to 1.33× 10^8 individuals. These indicated that C. lucidus has been overfished in Yangtze estuary area.

关 键 词：长江口 棘头梅童鱼 种群参数 资源状况 

分 类 号：S931.1[农业科学—渔业资源]