增温、刈割对高寒草甸植被物种多样性和地下生物量的影响  

Effects of warming and clipping on vegetation species diversity and belowground biomass in an alpine meadow

作　　者：徐满厚[1] 刘敏[1] 薛娴[2] 翟大彤[1] 彭飞[2] 尤全刚[2] 刘忠权[3] 

机构地区：[1]太原师范学院地理科学学院,山西晋中030619 [2]中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所沙漠与沙漠化重点实验室,兰州730000 [3]伊犁职业技术学院,新疆伊宁835000

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2015年第9期2432-2439,共8页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：太原师范学院大学生创新创业训练项目;国家自然科学基金项目(41301211)资助

摘　　要：我国高寒草甸表现出退化现象,严重影响着植被物种多样性和生物量生产。本研究以青藏高原高寒草甸为研究区,采用随机区组设计,设置对照、增温、刈割、增温＋刈割交互作用4种试验样地,于植被生长季进行植被物种多样性（Margalef指数、Shannon指数、Simpson指数、Pielou指数）和地下生物量的调查,研究增温、刈割对高寒草甸植被物种多样性和地下生物量的影响。结果表明：（1）高寒草甸植被物种多样性在生长季中期（6、7、8月）显著高于初期（5月）和末期（9月）,且显著性从2012年到2013年增强。（2）植被物种多样性对增温（3年）、刈割（2年）的响应并不敏感,在增温、刈割单独作用下略有增加,在增温＋刈割交互作用下略有减小。（3）增温、刈割趋于增加地下生物量,促使地下生物量在不同土层的分配比例发生变化;随着时间延长,刈割对土壤浅层（0~30 cm土层）地下生物量的影响逐渐加强,而增温对土壤深层（30~50 cm土层）地下生物量的影响逐渐加强。Alpine meadow in China is degrading,seriously influencing species diversity and biomass production of vegetation. In this study,we chose a typical alpine meadow in Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau as a model system by establishing four treatments,including control（ CK）,3-year warming（ W）,2-year clipping（ C）,and 3-year warming ＋ 2-year clipping（ WC）. The experiment followed a randomized block design consisting of five replications. We measured species diversity（ Margalef index,Shannon index,Simpson index and Pielou index） and belowground biomass of the vegetation in all treatments during the growing season of 2012 and 2013. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of warming and clipping on plant species diversity and belowground biomass. The results showed that：（ 1） Species diversity was significantly higher in the middle growing season（ from June to August） than in the early（ May） and late（ September）growing season.（ 2） The response of species diversity was not sensitive to 3-year warming and 2-year clipping,and species diversity was slightly increased in the W and C treatments while slightly decreased in the WC treatment.（ 3） Warming and clipping tended to increase vegetation belowground biomass and caused the variation of allocation pattern of belowground biomass across different soil layers. Clipping had significant effects on biomass in the 0-30 cm soil layer,whereas warming had significant effects on biomass in the 30-50 cm soil layer.

关 键 词：高寒草甸 增温 刈割 物种多样性 地下生物量 

分 类 号：Q948.1[生物学—植物学]