沈阳城市三维景观空间格局分异特征  

Differentiation characteristics of three-dimensional landscape pattern in Shenyang

作　　者：陈探[1,2] 刘淼[1] 胡远满[1] 常雄凯 李春林[1] 徐岩岩[1,2] 施拓 

机构地区：[1]森林与土壤生态国家重点实验室,中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所,沈阳110016 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]东北林业大学野生动物资源学院,哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2015年第9期2621-2627,共7页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41171155);国家科技支撑项目(2012BAJ15B06-01)资助

摘　　要：城市三维景观的研究有助于景观生态学研究向三维的发展和指导城市科学规划。本文利用Quick Bird影像提取了沈阳建成区的建筑三维信息,采用5个景观指标(平均高度、景观高度标准差、容积率、建筑体形系数和建筑密度)及空间统计分析方法研究了沈阳市建筑景观空间格局分异特征。结果表明:沈阳建成区的建筑景观主要以平房和多层建筑为主,中高层以上建筑数量最多的是铁西区,其他各区均有分布。沈阳市建成区不同高度的建筑在空间上呈现聚集分布状态并且存在显著的空间正相关关系;同时,沈阳市建成区的各个行政区不同高度的建筑也在各自行政区呈现聚集分布状态。沈阳市建成区的建筑密度与容积率在空间分布上存在明显的差异,高密度、高容积率的区域面积比重相对较少,城市土地利用强度有一定的提升空间。Studies on urban three-dimensional landscape are helpful to the development of landscape ecology at three-dimensional scale,which can provide the scientific support for urban planning. Three-dimensional information of buildings in Shenyang City was extracted from Quick Bird imageries. Five indexes（ average building height,landscape height standard deviation,floor area ratio,building shape coefficient and building coverage ratio） and spatial statistical analysis were used to study spatial landscape pattern characters at three-dimensional scale. The results showed that bungalow and multi-story buildings were the dominant architecture landscape types. Over mid-tall story buildings distributed in each district,but aggregated in Tiexi District. The different height buildings presented an aggregate distribution and a significant spatial positive correlation.Meanwhile,the different height buildings in different districts also presented an aggregate distribution in their corresponding districts. A significant difference happened between the values of building coverage ratio and floor area ratio in spatial distribution. The area proportion with high building coverage ratio and high floor area ratio had a relatively small proportion. Urban land-use intensity would have some space for improvement.

关 键 词：城市 三维 建筑景观 景观格局 空间异质 

分 类 号：P901[天文地球—自然地理学]