辽宁省沿海地区景观格局时空变化及其驱动力  

Spatial and temporal change of landscape pattern and its driving force in Liaoning coastal regions

作　　者：向英奇[1,2] 刘淼[1] 胡远满[1] 陈探[1] 常禹[1] 张丹华[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所,沈阳110016 [2]安徽理工大学地球与环境学院,安徽淮南232001

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2015年第9期2628-2635,共8页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41171155);国家基础性专项(2013FY111800)资助

摘　　要：国家或地方的重大政策对景观格局变化的影响是当前研究的热点。本文基于遥感技术获得辽宁沿海地区2000、2005和2010年土地利用数据,并采用转移矩阵和景观指数对研究区过去10年土地利用及沿海地区的景观格局变化和"五点一线"政策下的驱动力进行了研究。结果表明:辽宁省沿海地区景观格局变化主要特征为城镇面积增加,农田和湿地面积减少,不同景观之间转化频繁。沿海地区不同城市的景观格局变化存在一致性,景观格局均呈现均质化发展,不同景观类型分布相对均匀,斑块形状变化趋于复杂;葫芦岛、营口和锦州沿海地区的景观破碎化严重,且葫芦岛和锦州景观破碎日益加剧,营口逐渐改善;大连、丹东和盘锦沿海地区景观破碎化程度逐渐降低。景观格局的变化主要受人为干扰的影响,同时,自然因素也是不可忽视的重要因素。本研究对于辽宁沿海经济带生态、经济、社会的可持续发展以及区域规划具有一定的参考意义。The effect of national or local polices on landscape pattern change is the current research focus. This study discussed the landscape pattern change in coastal regions of Liaoning Province following the policy of ＂five-point and one line＂. Through using transition matrix and landscape metrics,this paper studied the change of landscape pattern of coastal areas and its driving force from 2000 to 2010 based on RS and GIS technology. Results showed that the urban area increased,while the farmland and wetland area were decreased. The landscape kept changing among different categories frequently. Landscape changes in different cities maintained similar dynamics. The landscape patterns developed equalized,the different landscape categories distributed relatively evenly,and the shape of patches became more complex. At the same time,the landscape fragmentation of coastal areas in Huludao,Yingkou and Jinzhou were more serious.Among which, the landscape fragmentation of coastal area was increased in Huludao and Jinzhou,while Yingkou kept a reverse trend. The landscape fragmentation in Dalian,Dandong and Panjin went down gradually. The landscape pattern change was mainly affected by human disturbance. Natural factors were also an important element which could not be ignored. This study provides reference for ecological,economic and social sustainable development and regional planning in Liaoning coastal regions.

关 键 词：景观格局 景观指数 沿海地区 辽宁省 

分 类 号：P901[天文地球—自然地理学]