多元排序法解析城市空气微生物时空分布  

Temporal and spatial variation of urban airborne microbes analyzed by canonical ordination methods

作　　者：王佳楠[1] 孟嘉伟[2] 杨凤霞[3] 蔡章[3,4] 刘杰[3] 

机构地区：[1]南开大学滨海学院环境科学与工程系,天津300270 [2]天津市地质矿产测试中心,天津300191 [3]南开大学环境科学与工程学院,天津300071 [4]Department of Energy and Mineral Engineering,the Pennsylvania State University,University Park

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2015年第9期2658-2664,共7页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：天津市社会发展科技计划项目(06YFSYSF02900)资助

摘　　要：采用自然沉降法测定2012年3月—2013年2月天津滨海地区城市不同功能区的空气微生物浓度。结果显示,该地区空气微生物中细菌占76.5%,真菌占19.4%,放线菌占4.1%;对空气微生物浓度变化进行多元排序分析,结果表明,依据城市功能区的不同,空气微生物在空间上具有明显聚类(5类),46.0%的微生物变异可以被前2轴解释,其中建筑工业区微生物浓度最高,居住区微生物浓度最低;在时间上表现为季节性聚类(3类),78.7%的微生物变异可以被前2轴解释,夏天微生物浓度最高,而冬天最低,空气微生物与温度具有显著的正相关性(P<0.01);空气微生物在时间尺度上的变化要高于空间尺度上的变化,季节气温的影响要大于采样区功能作用的影响;空气中PM10与SO2显著正相关(P=0.011),表明天津滨海地区的烟雾属于二氧化硫型。The natural sedimentation method was employed to monitor airborne microbial concentration of different functional areas in Tianjin Economic-Technological Development Area（ TEDA,Tianjin） from March 2012 to February 2013. The results showed that bacteria were predo-minant（ 76.5%）,followed by fungi（ 19. 4%） and actinomyces（ 4. 1%）. Canonical ordination analysis was performed to elucidate the temporal and spatial distribution of urban airborne microbes. The results indicated that microbes had a dramatically spatial cluster based on urban function（ five types of clusters）,among which 46.0% of variation could be explained by first and second axis,with the highest microbial concentration in constructing and industrial area and the lowest in residence zone; on the other hand,microbes had a remarkable temporal cluster according to seasons（ three clusters）,in which 78.7% of variation could be interpreted by first and second axis with the highest microbial concentration in summer and the lowest in winter. Airborne microbial concentration had a significant positive correlation with temperature（ P〈0. 01）. The study showed that airborne microbial variation in temporal distribution was higher than that in spatial distribution,illustrating that the effect of seasonality was stronger than that of area function. In addition,the results revealed that PM10 concentration was positively correlated to SO2concentration（ P = 0.011） in TEDA,Tianjin,suggesting SO2-type smog in this area.

关 键 词：温度 可吸入颗粒物(PM10) 二氧化硫(SO2) 对应分析(CA) 典型对应分析(CCA) 

分 类 号：R122[医药卫生—环境卫生学]