三株耐铅锌菌的分离、鉴定及其吸附能力  

Isolation,identification and biosorption ability of three Pb^(2+) and Zn^(2+) tolerant bacterial strains

作　　者：陈永华[1] 向捷 吴晓芙[1] 冯冲凌[1] 袁斯文 

机构地区：[1]中南林业科技大学环境科学与工程学院,长沙410004

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2015年第9期2665-2672,共8页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：环保公益性行业科研专项(201509037);国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2013ZX07504001);国家"十二五"科技支撑计划项目(2012BAC09B03);湖南省环境科学与工程重点学科建设项目资助

摘　　要：以铅锌矿渣盆栽试验中长势较好的耐性植物夹竹桃(Nerium indicum)的根际土壤为材料,进行耐铅锌优势菌株的分离鉴定,探讨影响铅锌吸附的因素及其吸附机理。结果表明:(1)从土样中分离筛选出3株耐铅锌菌株(B1、B4、B14),3株菌均能在Pb2+、Zn2+浓度为600 mg·L-1的牛肉膏蛋白胨培养基上生长,经形态和分子生物学鉴定分别为蜡样芽孢杆菌(Bacillus cereus)或炭疽杆菌(Bacillus anthracis)、解硫胺素硫胺素芽孢杆菌(Aneurinibacillus aneurinilyticus)和藤黄微球菌(Micrococcus luteus)。(2)对影响菌株吸附铅、锌的p H、吸附时间、初始菌量3个因素进行分析,发现菌株B1在p H为5.0、吸附时间为50 min、初始菌量为0.06 g时,对Pb2+、Zn2+的去除率分别可达84.22%和70.66%。菌株B4在p H为6.0、吸附时间为50 min、初始菌量为0.18 g时,对Pb2+、Zn2+的去除率分别可达72.63%和54.17%。菌株B14在p H为4.0、吸附时间为60 min、初始菌量为0.10 g时对Pb2+、Zn2+的吸附率分别为77.56%和50.63%。(3)扫描电镜观察和红外光谱分析显示:3株菌对Pb2+、Zn2+的吸附主要是细胞表面的吸附,还存在一定的内部吸收;羟基(O-H)、胺基(N-H)、烷基、酰胺基(CONH-)是吸附、络合或螯合金属离子或原子的主要活性基团,重金属与菌株表面的活性基团结合反应是其吸附Pb2+、Zn2+的主要作用机制。Rhizosphere soil samples were collected from plants Nerium indicum,which grew well in a pot experiment with lead and zinc slag as substrates. The bacterial strains resistant to lead and zinc were isolated and identified,and the factors influencing lead and zinc adsorption and the adsorption mechanism were discussed. The results showed that：（ 1） Three bacterial strains（ B1,B4,B14） could grow on the beef extract peptone medium that concentrated Pb2＋and Zn2＋（ 600mg·L-1）. Based on morphology and molecular biology,B1,B4,and B14 were identified as Bacillus cereus or B. anthracis,Aneurinibacillus aneurinilyticus and Micrococcus luteus.（ 2） Three factors including p H,adsorption time and the initial bacterial amount which may influence the Pb2＋and Zn2＋biosorption ability were analyzed. Under the conditions of p H 5.0,adsorption time50 min,and initial bacterial amount 0.06 g,the rates of removing Pb2＋and Zn2＋by the strain B1 reached 84.22% and 70.66%,respectively. Under the conditions of p H 6.0,adsorption time 50 min,and initial bacterial amount 0. 18 g,the rates of removing Pb2＋and Zn2＋by the strain B4 reached 72.63% and 54.17%,respectively. Under the conditions of p H 4.0,adsorption time 60 min,and initial bacterial amount 0.10 g,the rates of removing Pb2＋and Zn2＋by the strain B14 reached 77. 56% and 50. 63%,respectively.（ 3） The results of scanning electron microscope（ SEM） and Fourier transform infrared（ FT-IR） spectroscopy revealed that the biosorption process mainly happened on the cell surface and internal biosorption also existed. The main active groups that adsorb,complexate and chelate metal ions or atoms were the hydroxyl,amino,alkyl and amide groups. The combination reaction between heavy metals and active groups on the surface of the bacteria was the main mechanism of Pb2＋and Zn2＋adsorption.

关 键 词：铅锌去除率 耐受细菌 分离鉴定 生物吸附 

分 类 号：S154.3[农业科学—土壤学]