生长介质中硅/砷比对水稻吸收和转运砷的影响  

Effects of Silicon to Arsenic Ratios of Growth Medium on Arsenic Uptake and Translocation of Two Rice Varieties

作　　者：孙宇[1] 薛培英[1] 陈苗[2] 郑坤[1] 王洋[1] 刘文菊[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学资源与环境科学学院,河北省农田生态环境重点实验室,河北保定071000 [2]河北农业大学科学技术研究院,河北保定071001

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2015年第4期148-152,206,共6页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41471398);河北省高等学校创新团队领军人才培育计划项目(LJRC016)

摘　　要：以2个水稻品种Jiahua-1和Italica carolina为试验材料,采用生物学模拟方法研究了水稻生长在含有AsIII或AsV介质中1周,不同硅/砷比对水稻吸收和转运砷的影响。结果表明,Italica carolina砷吸收量显著低于Jiahua-1（P〈0.05）。当水稻生长在含AsIII介质中,硅/砷比10∶1显著抑制了其对砷的吸收（P〈0.05）,降幅为20.9%-22.5%,但硅/砷比对砷由根向地上部的转运无明显影响;当水稻生长在含AsV介质中,硅/砷比200∶1显著抑制了其对砷的吸收和向地上部的转运（P〈0.05）。水稻中砷浓度随硅/砷比的增加总体均呈下降趋势,且Italica carolina砷含量显著下降27.7%-32.6%（P〈0.05）。综上所述,AsIII和AsV处理条件下,硅/砷比分别为10∶1和200∶1时降低了水稻中砷吸收能力及其体内总砷浓度。因此,在砷污染的水稻种植区建议硅施用量高于土壤溶液中砷浓度10-200倍可有效抑制水稻对砷的吸收和转运,且种植水稻品种Italica carolina的健康风险明显低于种植Jiahua-1。A hydroponic experiment was carried out,in which biological simulation method was applied,to explore the effects of different ratios of silicon to arsenic（Si/As）in nutrient solution on arsenic uptake and translocation of two rice varieties,Jiahua-1and Italica Carolina.Both varieties have grown in growth medium containing AsIII or AsVfor 1week.The results showed that the level of arsenic uptake by Italica Carolina were significantly lower than that of Jiahua-1in both AsIII and AsVtreatment（P〈0.05）.The arsenic uptake of two rice varieties decreased from 20.9%to 22.5% when AsIII was supplied in growth medium and Si/As ratio was 10∶1（P〈0.05）,while Si/As ratio did not affect the translocation of arsenic from roots to shoots.When AsV was supplied in nutrient solution and Si/As ratio was 200∶1,the level of arsenic uptake reduced from 22.1% to 44.3% and As translocation from roots to shoots was inhibited.Therefore,the concentration of As in rice decreased with the increase of Si/As ratio,especially for Italica Carolina,in which as concentration lowered from 27.7%to 32.6%.In conclusion,when Si/As ratio was 10∶1or 200∶1,arsenic uptake and total arsenic concentration of rice plant reduced,no matter AsIII or AsV was supplied in growth medium.The results indicated that arsenic uptake and translocation of rice decreased when the application rate of Si was 10 to 200times higher than As concentration in soil solution in As-contaminated paddy fields,and cultivating Italica carolinain this area is better for human health than planting Jiahua-1.

关 键 词：水稻 硅/砷比 吸收和转运 抑制吸收 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程] S511[农业科学—作物学]