青海湖地区典型固沙植物对根下土壤改良作用的初步研究  

Effects of Typical Sand-Fixing Plant on Soil Improvement in Qinghai Lake Area

作　　者：鲁瑞洁[1] 刘小槺 李金凤[1] 赵超[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学环境演变与自然灾害教育部重点实验室,防沙治沙教育部工程研究中心,北京100875

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2015年第4期177-181,共5页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41171159);国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2013CB956001)

摘　　要：通过调查青海湖地区典型固沙植物沙蒿(Artemisa desterorum Spreng.)、沙棘(Hippophae rhamnoides Linn.)和乌柳(Salix cheilophila)的根系分布情况,测定灌丛根下及裸沙地土壤温湿度、土壤有机质、土壤养分等理化指标,初步分析了3种典型固沙植物在植被恢复初期对土壤的改良作用。结果表明,土壤温度均高于空气温度,其中裸沙地和沙棘根下土壤温度略高;植物根下土壤水分均低于裸沙地,植物生长耗水表现为沙蒿>沙棘>乌柳;3种植物对土壤养分及土壤有机质的提高均发挥出较大的作用,尤其是对表层土壤(0-10cm)的改良效果明显。自然植被沙蒿对土壤养分的改良效果最明显,而人工植被乌柳能够显著提高土壤有机质含量。在极端贫瘠的高寒沙地,人工植被能够改善植被恢复区土壤有机质及土壤养分状况,从而进一步促进自然植被的恢复。The effects of three typical sand-fixing plant species（Artemisa desterorum Spreng.,Hippophae rhamnoides Linn.and Salix cheilophila）on soil improvement at the initial stage of vegetation restoration in Qinghai Lake area by investigating the root distribution of the three plant species and monitoring temperature,moisture,organic matter and nutrient content of soil under shrub roots and in bare sandy land were studied.The results showed that（1）soil temperature was higher than air temperature.Soil temperature of bare sandy land and Hippophae rhamnoides Linn.land were higher than those of other lands.（2）Soil moisture under roots of three typical sand-fixing plant species were lower than that of bare sandy land.Water consumption of three typical sand-fixing plant species listed order was Artemisa desterorum Spreng.Hippophae rhamnoides Linn.Salix cheilophila.（3）Three typical sand-fixing plant species all played important roles in improving soil organic matter and nutrients,especially for the 0-10 cm soil layer.The natural vegetation of Artemisa desterorum Spreng.showed the best improvement on soil nutrient content,while the artificial vegetation of Salix cheilophila could significantly increase soil organic matter content.For extreme sterile soil of alpine sandy land,artificial vegetation could significantly improve on soil organic matter and nutrient content,which could further promote natural vegetation restoration.

关 键 词：青海湖地区 典型固沙植物 土壤改良 

分 类 号：S157.2[农业科学—土壤学]