促腐菌剂对还田小麦秸秆腐解及土壤生物学性状的影响  

Effects of Microbial Inoculants on Wheat Straw Decomposition and Soil Biological Properties

作　　者：耿丽平[1,2] 薛培英[1,2] 刘会玲[1,2] 赵全利[3] 李小磊 刘文菊[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学资源与环境科学学院,河北保定071001 [2]河北省农田生态环境重点实验室,河北保定071001 [3]河北农业大学教学实验场,河北保定071001 [4]河北黄骅市农牧局动物卫生监督所,河北黄骅061100

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2015年第4期305-310,共6页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：河北省高等学校创新团队领军人才培育计划项目"农田污染控制与修复"(LJRC016)

摘　　要：在小麦秸秆还田的基础上,于夏玉米季通过田间小区试验,研究了留茬和粉碎覆盖2种秸秆还田处理方式以及添加不同促腐菌剂对小麦秸秆腐解率、土壤微生物量碳、氮和土壤纤维素酶活性动态变化特征的影响。结果表明,秸秆粉碎覆盖的还田方式比留茬还田方式小麦秸秆腐解率增加了11.0%,腐解效果较好,腐解率表现为M2〉M1〉CK。在2种秸秆还田方式下,施用不同的促腐菌剂在一定程度上提高了土壤微生物量碳、氮的含量水平,且表层土壤微生物量碳、氮明显高于下层。在小麦秸秆粉碎覆盖的还田方式下,施用促腐菌剂可以促进夏玉米生长中后期还田秸秆的腐解,小麦秸秆腐解率平均水平为62.3%-75.0%,土壤纤维素酶活性和土壤微生物量碳在添加促腐菌剂M2分别比CK增加了31.1%和80.6%,土壤微生物量氮在添加促腐菌剂M1比CK增加了37.9%,且土壤纤维素酶活性和土壤微生物量碳含量表现为M2〉M1〉CK,土壤微生物量氮含量表现为M1〉M2〉CK。A field plot experiment was carried out in growth season of summer corn to study the effects of 2wheat straw returning treatments（straw-stubble mulching and straw-crushing mulching）and different microbial inoculants on dynamic characteristics of wheat straw decomposition rate,soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen and soil cellulase activity.The results showed that compared to straw-stubble mulching,straw-crushing mulching increased wheat straw decomposition rate by 11%,showing better effect on straw decomposition.The decomposition rate in different microbial inoculant treatments listed in the following order was M2〉M1〉CK.In 2straw returning treatments,the application of microbial inoculants increased soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen to some extent,with greater increases occurring in surface soil than in subsoil.In wheat straw-crushing mulching treatment,the application of microbial inoculants promoted straw decomposition at the middle and late growth stage of summer corn,with the average decomposition rate of wheat straw ranging from 62.3% to 75.0%.Compared to CK treatment,microbial inoculum M2 treatment increased soil cellulase activity and soil microbial biomass carbon by 31.1% and80.6%,respectively,while microbial inoculum M1 increased soil microbial biomass nitrogen by 37.9%.Moreover,in different microbial inoculant treatments,soil cellulase activity and soil microbial biomass carbon content listed in the following order was M2〉M1〉CK,while the content of soil microbial biomass nitrogen listed in the following order was M1〉M2〉CK.

关 键 词：玉米生育期 促腐菌剂 秸秆腐解 土壤纤维素酶 土壤微生物量 

分 类 号：S154[农业科学—土壤学] S512[农业科学—农业基础科学]