食物过敏的诊断方法  

Diagnostic methods for food allergy

作　　者：张洢袆 王学民 王婷婷[3] 孙丽囡 

机构地区：[1]上海市皮肤病医院皮肤与化妆品研究室,200443 [2]徐州医学院附属医院皮肤科 [3]安徽医科大学上海皮肤病临床学院

出　　处：《国际皮肤性病学杂志》2015年第5期312-315,共4页International Journal of Dermatology and Venereology

基　　金：上海市科学技术委员会科研计划项目（12411951700）;上海市市级医院适宜技术项目（SHDC12012222）

摘　　要：食物过敏是指免疫介导的食物不良反应,是婴幼儿常见的过敏性疾病,患儿家长对食物过敏的错误认识及诊断的不明确,导致一系列的喂养和健康问题.IgE介导的食物过敏机制是多因素的,主要受遗传体质和环境的相互作用;非IgE介导的食物过敏的机制尚不清楚.目前认为,其主要由T细胞介导,可引起亚急性或慢性胃肠道或皮肤反应.因此,了解食物过敏诊断相关的临床检查方法,结合临床病史、饮食排除试验、食物激发试验等方法正确诊断食物过敏,对减少食物过敏反应的发生以及指导正确的规避饮食和相应的免疫治疗具有重要意义.Food allergy,as an immune-mediated adverse reaction to food,is a common allergic problem in infants.The misunderstanding of food allergy in children＇s parents and indefinite diagnosis have leaded to a series of feeding and health problems.The mechanism of IgE-mediated food allergy is multifactorial,and is mainly associated with the interaction between genetic predisposition and environment,while the mechanism of non-IgE mediated food allergy is unclear,and it is considered to be mediated mainly by T cells,and can cause subacute or chronic gastrointestinal or skin reactions.Therefore,it is of great significance to expand knowledge on clinical diagnostic methods for food allergy,and to correctly diagnose food allergy by combining medical history,elimination diet trials and oral food challenge results for reducing the occurrence of food allergy,guiding elimination diet and corresponding immunotherapy.

关 键 词：食物过敏 诊断 方法 免疫 健康教育 

分 类 号：R725.931[医药卫生—儿科]