周期理论:城市女性的空间需求研究  

CYCLE THEORY: ON SPATIAL DEMAND OF URBAN FEMALES

作　　者：段城江 黄亚平[1] 张茜[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学建筑与城市规划学院

出　　处：《城市规划》2015年第8期46-55,共10页City Planning Review

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51178200;51478199;51408248);国家留学基金委资助

摘　　要：长期以来,城市发展一直受到"男性原则"或"男性标准"的影响,忽视了女性的空间存在和空间需求,给城市建设打上了深刻的"性别盲"烙印。作为"第二性",全球范围内的女性都遭受着严重的性别歧视。本文从女性主义思潮的演进及相关理论研究出发,着重探讨城市女性的空间需求问题。通过分析城市女性的性别差异、行为特征和生命周期,假设出一个典型化的女性样本P,将其生命历程分化为自立期、新婚期、满巢期、离巢期、空巢期5个阶段。而在每一个生命阶段,城市女性都有不同侧重的空间需求和需求偏好,这和她们所处的年龄段、身份设定及现实诉求密切相关。正是这种基于生命周期特征的女性空间需求分析,可以为重新思考城市空间的属性和资源配置问题提供一个更为客观的、平视的和阶段性的新视角。For a long time, the female spatial demand of urban development was ignored, affected by the traditional ＂Principles of Male＂, which revealed a deep imprint of gender blindness. As the ＂second sex＂, all the women in the world have been suffering from serious discrimination. This paper starts from the evolution of feminist and related theories, and ends with the conclusion of female spatial demands. By analyzing gender role differences, behavioral features and life cycle of urban women, the study assumes a typical female sample whose life consists of five independent stages, that is, self-reliance period, newly-married period, full nest period, leaving nest period and empty nest period. In each stage of the life cycle,urban female had various requirements towards urban space, respectively emphasizing on targeted types, preferences and features according to their ages, identities and actual problems. The study aims to provide a new perspective to rethink the issues of urban spatial attribute and resource allocation, a more objective, less discriminatory and more realistic one that shows concern for the needs and rights of the women.

关 键 词：女性主义 空间歧视 五阶段模型 城市空间需求 

分 类 号：C913.68[经济管理] TU984.113[社会学]