转地下开采后龙首矿露天采坑底部隆起机理  

Uplift mechanism of the bottom of open pit after the transition from open-pit mining to underground mining in Longshou mine

作　　者：邓清海[1,2] 曹家源 张丽萍[1] 马凤山[3] 徐嘉谟[3] 

机构地区：[1]山东科技大学山东省沉积成矿作用与沉积矿产重点实验室地球科学与工程学院,山东青岛266590 [2]重庆大学资源与环境学院,重庆400044 [3]中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所,北京100029

出　　处：《采矿与安全工程学报》2015年第4期677-682,共6页Journal of Mining & Safety Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41272298;41372323);山东科技大学科研创新团队支持计划项目(2012KYTD101)

摘　　要：基于金川龙首矿地表移动GPS监测数据,分析了露天采坑围岩移动、变形规律。监测结果表明:地下开采已经引起地表大范围的岩体移动和变形,并形成了2个沉降区和1个上升区;其中上盘沉降区最大沉降量达到767 mm,下盘沉降区最大沉降量达到了1 078 mm,位于露天坑底的上升区最大上升量达到了684 mm。实验模拟了露天转地下开采过程中采坑围岩的移动和变形过程。物理模拟实验结果与监测结果相符,并在露天开采阶段和地下开采阶段都清晰地观测到了坑底隆起现象。在此基础上,从理论上分析了转地下开采后露天采坑底部的隆起机理,认为地下开采活动会使得边坡岩体原有的在露天开挖条件下产生的移动和变形活化,这种活化作用大于地下开采引起的下沉量时,就会造成露天采坑底部的挤压上升。Based on GPS monitoring data, the movement and deformation rules of surrounding rock of open pit in the Longshou Mine of Jinchuan Company have been analyzed. The monitoring results show that underground mining has caused rock mass movement and large-range deformation, with two subsiding troughs separated by a central uplifting zone formed on the surface. The maximum settlement of the hanging wall sink area and footwall sink area are 767 mm and 1 078 mm respectively as well as the maximum uplift amount of the rising area in the open pit bottom are 648 mm. And physical simulation experiment has been conducted to simulate the movement and deformation process of surrounding rock mass of open pit from open-pit mining to underground mining. The experimental results are consistent with the monitoring results.And the uplift phenomenon of the bottom of open pit in both open-pit mining and underground mining stages has been clearly observed.Moreover, the uplifting mechanism of the open pit bottom after the transformation from open-pit mining to underground mining has been theoretically analyzed, from which a conclusion has been drawn that the earlier movement and deformation of slope rock mass caused by open-pit mining would be activated again by the underground mining activities. And when the uplifting amount of the open pit bottom caused by the activation is larger than its settlement caused by underground mining, the open pit bottom will rise because of the extrusion.

关 键 词：露天转地下开采 露天采坑底部 地表变形 隆起 活化作用 

分 类 号：TD824[矿业工程—煤矿开采]