英国诽谤法的抗辩体系:传统构造与最新发展——以《2013年诽谤法案》为中心  

Defense System of Defamation Law of England: Traditional Construction and Latest Development——A Case Study of Defamation Law of 2013

作　　者：岳业鹏[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京化工大学文法学院,北京100029

出　　处：《求是学刊》2015年第5期100-108,共9页Seeking Truth

摘　　要：诽谤法中的抗辩事由发挥着调和名誉权和表达自由、保护冲突的重要功能。为了适应新时代表达自由的保护要求,2013年英国通过了诽谤法修正案,而抗辩事由的成文化和体系化是其重要内容。新诽谤法设专章规定"抗辩",将存在于普通法中的正当化事由、公正评论、雷诺兹特权等抗辩事由成文化并赋予新的内涵,扩大了1996年诽谤法免责特权的适用范围,并增加了两种新的抗辩事由。英国诽谤法形成了包括真实性、诚实观点、公共利益、网络运营者抗辩、学术评论抗辩以及报道免责特权六种抗辩事由的完整体系。Defense in Defamation Law plays the role of protecting reputation and expressing freely. In order to comply with the requirements of a new era, England passes a modification act of Defamation Law, which has the writing form and systemization of defense as its important content. The new Defamation Law in certain chapter regulates＂defense＂, which endows new connotation to general law concerning justifiable reason, just comment and Reynolds Privilege, and enlarges liability exemption range in Defamation Law of 1996 and adds to new defense cause. This new law forms a complete system which includes truthfulness, honest opinion, public benefit, internet operator＇s defense, academic defense and liability exemption of report.

关 键 词：《2013年诽谤法案》 真实性抗辩 诚实观点抗辩 免责特权 雷诺兹特权 公共利益抗辩 

分 类 号：D956.1[政治法律—法学]