海州湾前三岛海域底播刺参群体特征初探  

Preliminary study on the property of bottom mariculture sea cucumber(Apostichopus japonicus) group in Qiansan Islands, Haizhou Bay

作　　者：张宏晔[1,2] 许强[1] 刘辉[1] 杨红生[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院海洋研究所海洋生态与环境科学重点实验室,山东青岛266071 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《海洋科学》2015年第6期1-7,共7页Marine Sciences

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2011BAD13B02);国家自然科学基金委员会-山东省人民政府联合资助海洋科学研究中心项目(U1406403);中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(XDA11020404)

摘　　要：海州湾前三岛海域是中国刺参（Apostichopus japonicus）自然分布的最南界，2013年3月至2014年4月，采用潜水样带法，调查了前三岛海域底播刺参群体的体质量结构及季节变动特征，结合水下观察和视频调查，比较了不同生境类型中的刺参密度。结果表明，前三岛海域刺参密度为0．4～1．33头／m^2，生物量为42．69，103g／m^2，刺参群体相对稳定，群体的体质量呈现冬春季节增长、夏秋季节下降的特点。不同生境类型中的刺参密度不同，大型藻类分布的礁石区刺参密度明显大于没有藻类分布的礁石区和砂质区，上述结果为揭示岛屿海域的刺参群体特征和资源养护提供了基础数据。The sea area around Qiansan Islands in Haizhou Bay is the southmost boundary of sea cucumber （Apos- tichopus japonicus） natural distribution sea area in China. Weight structure and group seasonal fluctuation of bot- tom mariculture A.japonicus group in the above sea area were surveyed and analyzed by using the diving line tran- sect sampling method from March 2013 to April 2014. Meanwhile, the group density of the A.japonicus group in different habitats of Qiansan Islands was further compared combining with above survey results and underwater video observation. The results showed that the density of A.japonicus group ranged from 0.4 to 1.33 ind./m^2 and the biomass ranged from 42.69 to 103 g/m^2. The A.japonicus group was relatively stable, and the group weight showed an increasing trend in spring and winter yet decreased in summer and winter. It showed that A.japonicus has differ- ent distribution patterns in various habitats. The density of A.japonicus i~ the reef area with algae distributiou was significantly higher than that in the reef area with no algae distribution and sediment area. In summary, this study provided basic data of the group feature of A.japonicus in Qiansan Islands and theoretical reference for resource conservation in the island sea area.

关 键 词：刺参 底播养殖 群体特征 生境选择性 海州湾 

分 类 号：Q938.15[生物学—微生物学]