为谁的农业现代化  

Agricultural Modernization for Whom?

作　　者：贺雪峰[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学中国乡村治理研究中心

出　　处：《开放时代》2015年第5期36-48,6,共13页Open Times

摘　　要：中国的现代化和城市化只可能是一个渐进的过程。在当前中国仍然有六亿多农村人口、两亿多农业劳动力的国情下,中国农业现代化不可能只是规模经营基础上的农业现代化,而必须是小农经营为主的现代化。中国农业将长期保持小农经营格局。农业现代化必须首先回应小农生产与生活的需要。在当前阶段,中国农业必须同时完成三大基本任务:一是保证粮食安全,二是为数以亿计的农民提供农业就业与农业收入,三是为中国现代化提供农村稳定器。国家政策若能回应小农的需要,解决小农经济中存在的小农户与社会化大生产之间的矛盾,中国农业就可以同时完成以上三大任务,从而为中国整体的现代化提供可靠的农业与农村基础。China's modernization and urbanization can only be a gradual process. At present,there are still more than 600 million rural population and more than two hundred million agricultural labor force in China,a reality that will limit China to the developmental path of small-scale farming economy for a long time to come.In other words,China's agricultural modernization should be based on small-scale operatives,not large ones,and should first of all respond to the needs of small-scale farmers in their production and life. At this stage,China's agriculture has three top agendas:first,ensuring food security;second,providing agricultural employment and agricultural income for hundreds of millions of farmers;and third,making agriculture a stabilizer for China's modernization. If the national policy can respond to the needs of small- scale farmers and address the contraction,inherent in the farming economy,between small-scale farming and socialized production the three top agendas mentioned above will be fulfilled and a reliable agricultural and rural basis will be secured for China's overall modernization.

关 键 词：农业现代化 规模经营 小农经济 惠农政策 中等收入陷阱 

分 类 号：F320[经济管理—产业经济]