中国农业资本化的特征和方向:自下而上和自上而下的资本化动力  

Features and Direction of Agricultural Capitalization in China: Driving Forces,both Top- down and Bottom-up,of Capital

作　　者：严海蓉[1] 陈义媛[2] 

机构地区：[1]香港理工大学应用社会科学系 [2]中国农业大学人文与发展学院

出　　处：《开放时代》2015年第5期49-69,6,共21页Open Times

基　　金：香港理工大学研究项目"社区公共品生产"(1-ZV93);香港教资委研究项目"中国农村遭遇全球化"(B-Q39N)的成果

摘　　要：在中国政府的大力推动下,合作社、家庭农场和龙头企业正崛起为中国农业的新型经营主体,成为中国农业发展的重要驱动力。当前,中国农业的资本化趋势被学者黄宗智概括为"没有无产化的资本化"。结合宏观和微观的案例,本文研究了中国农业资本积累的性质、趋势和特征,以及伴随这一过程的中国农业政策的转变。本文认为,中国的农业资本化既有自上而下的驱动力,也有自下而上的驱动力;中国农业政策自农村改革初期即有去小农化的倾向。With big pushes from the government,cooperatives,household farms and leading enterprises are rising as the new economic powers in China's rural areas and are becoming the major driving forces for China's agricultural development. The trend of capitalization in China's agriculture has been dubbed by Philip C. C.Huang as'capitalization without proletariatization'. Based on both macroscopic and microscopic cases,this paper studies the capital accumulation in China's agriculture,its nature,tendency,features,and the policy changes that have gone along with it. The authors maintain that there are both top-down and bottom-up driving forces in the capitalization process. As a matter of fact,China's agricultural policy was alienated from smallscale farming even from the initial period of the rural reform.

关 键 词：资本积累 农业资本主义 民粹主义 恰亚诺夫 

分 类 号：F323[经济管理—产业经济]