产犊季节及胎次对甘肃会宁地区荷斯坦牛产奶量的影响  

Effects of Different Calving Seasons and Parities on Milk Production for Holstein Cows in the Huining Region of Gansu

作　　者：王璐菊[1] 郭全奎[1] 张勇[1] 

机构地区：[1]甘肃畜牧工程职业技术学院,武威733006

出　　处：《中国奶牛》2015年第16期24-27,共4页China Dairy Cattle

摘　　要：以会宁地区某奶牛场的荷斯坦牛为研究对象,选择2011~2013年不同产犊季节及不同胎次的健康母牛共200头,主要探讨产犊季节及胎次对产奶量的影响。将所有产奶数据校正到305d产奶量,用Excel进行统计分析,分别做出不同产犊季节和不同胎次305d产奶量的整体分布曲线。对4个季节和5个胎次的产奶量分别采用单因素方差分析和SSR法多重比较,确定不同季节和各胎次的影响效果。结果表明,不同产犊季节和不同胎次对荷斯坦牛305d产奶量的影响均极显著。秋季（9~11月份）产犊的母牛305d产奶量最高,显著或极显著高于其他季节,属高产奶量季节;夏季（6~8月份）产犊的母牛305d产奶量最低,显著或极显著低于其他季节,属低产奶量季节。第2胎的305d产奶量最高,随着胎次的增加,特别是第3胎及以后产犊的母牛305d产奶量逐渐下降。本研究结果表明,在保证全年牛奶供求基本平衡的前提下,适当调整在高产季节产犊和加强对高胎次奶牛的饲养管理,对提高奶牛群体产奶量具有重要意义。The Holstein cows from dairy farm in Huining region were used as the research subjects, there were totally 200 healthy cows selected from 2011 to 2013 of different calving seasons and different parities, the milk production was recorded, the impact on milk production of calving seasons and parities was discussed. All data of milk production will be shifted to 305 d, with Excel format for statistics and analysis, and the overall distribution curve of different calving seasons and different parities of 305 d milk production were drawn respectively. Milk production of four seasons and five parities were multiple compared by using one factor analysis of variance and SSR method. The results demonstrated that the effects on 305 d milk production of Holstein cow in different calving seasons and different parities are extremely obvious. The cows to calve in Autumn（From September to November） that 305 d milk production is the highest, significantly or very significantly higher than in other seasons, is the high milk production season. The cows to calve in Summer（From June to August） that 305 d milk production is the lowest, significantly or very significantly lower than in other seasons, is the low milk production season. Cows are calving of the subsequent parities that 305 d milk production is better, with the parity increases, especially from the three parities and after calving cow＇s 305 d milk production gradually decreased. Calving seasons and parities had effects on Holstein cows in the Huining region of Gansu province. On the promise of guarantee balance of whole year milk supply and demand, during high calving season to calve to be appropriately adjusted and high parities cows breeding management to be enhanced, which is of great significance to improve milk production of cow＇s group.

关 键 词：荷斯坦牛 产犊季节 胎次 305D产奶量 

分 类 号：S823.3[农业科学—畜牧学]