广玉兰木材构造及其物理力学性质  

Wood Structure,Physical and Mechanical Properties of Magnolia grandiflora L.

作　　者：刘艳萍[1] 钱世江[1] 田丽[1] 夏玉宝 

机构地区：[1]河南省林业科学研究院,郑州450008 [2]信阳市平桥区林业局

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2015年第8期71-74,共4页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金：国家林业局"948"项目(2014-4-12);河南省林业科学研究院基本科研业务费项目(2014JB01-001)

摘　　要：结合树干解析取样,借助光学显微镜和扫描电镜,分别从宏观角度和微观角度研究了广玉兰木材的解剖构造;利用木材万能力学试验机,参照现行国家标准对广玉兰木材的力学性质进行了测定和分析。结果表明:广玉兰木材属于散孔材,管孔为圆形、椭圆形,多数为复管孔;轴向薄壁组织量较多,为傍管类的环管束状,且多数为全部包围;木射线纺锤形,多为同型多列,偶有异形射线。广玉兰木材基本密度随着树干高度的增加整体上呈下降趋势,最大基本密度值出现在胸径处,为0.47 g/cm3。广玉兰木材端面硬度、径面硬度、弦面硬度、顺纹抗压强度、顺纹抗拉强度、抗弯强度和抗弯弹性模量分别为4.87 k N、3.84 k N、4.26 k N、35.02 MPa、114.97 MPa、83.30 MPa和10 500 MPa,为高档用材。We studied the Magnolia grandiflora L. wood on the anatomical structure and their properties by using the optical microscope,scanning electronic microscopic and universal mechanical testing machine. The M. grandiflora L. wood is diffuse-porous wood,the vessel is round or oval,and most was complex vessel. There are many longitudinal parenchyma,which is the paratrachealclass ring pipe bundle,and most are around. Wood ray is homeotype ray. The basic density of M.grandiflora L. wood is decreased with the stem height increasing,the maximum basic density of 0.47 g / cm3 is in the diameter at breast height. The wood end hardness,diameter surface hardness,the chord surface hardness,the compressive strength parallel to grain,tensile strength parallel to grain,the bending strength and the elasticity modulus of M. grandiflora L. wood are 4.87 KN,3.84 KN,4.26 KN,35.02 MPa,114.97 MPa,83.30 MPa and 10 500 MPa,respectively. The M.grandiflora L. wood belongs to high-grade timber.

关 键 词：广玉兰 木材构造 木材物理性质 木材力学性质 

分 类 号：S567.19[农业科学—中草药栽培]