油菜移栽机分苗装置分苗过程与钵苗钵体完整性分析  

Analysis on detaching process of detaching device and seedling pot integrity about rape transplanter

作　　者：廖庆喜[1] 胡先朋 张照[1] 刘明峰[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学工学院,武汉430070

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2015年第16期22-29,共8页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：国家油菜产业技术体系专项资助项目(CARS-13);中央高校基本科研业务费资助项目(2014PY033);武汉市高新技术产业科技创新团队(2014070504020240)

摘　　要：针对部分分苗装置适应性差、钵体易破损及结构复杂的问题,提出一种输送带式钵苗分苗装置,构建了分苗过程中送苗与分苗阶段的运动学模型,开展了不同挤压方式下的钵体完整性试验,分析得出了输送平稳、钵体完整的条件。结果表明:钵苗在特定基质成份及含水率前提下钵体上边缘最小屈服力为6.8 N,钵体上边缘及侧面受重复挤压力时均有较好的恢复性。钵苗送苗阶段输送平稳性与摩擦系数关系较大,完整性与钵苗自身的屈服力和挤压力有关;钵体在分苗阶段满足完整性前提下,夹持力越大,夹持高度越低,钵苗稳定性越好。分苗合页的动摩擦系数μ1≤0.3375,输送带的动摩擦系数μ2满足0.5μ1<μ2≤0.3375,钵苗抗挤压破损力大于1.99 N时,油菜钵苗在送苗阶段可平稳输送且保持完整。该研究为油菜钵苗移栽机结构改进提供了参考。Mechanization transplanting for rapeseed pot seedling can alleviate labor intensity of manpower and shorten reviving time of rapeseed pot seedling. Seedling detaching and transplanting are the 2 main processing operations for transplantation. The stability of detaching has an important influence on the transplanting operation, and the pot seedlings should be stable during transporting and kept integrity for better transplanting quality. However, some detaching devices have complicated structure and easily make damage to seedlings. And therefore, in this paper, a conveyor belt type detaching device of rapeseed transplanter for rapeseed pot seedlings was introduced to solve this problem. The process of detaching was analyzed and the kinematics models in the stage of transmission and detaching were established to explore the stability conditions of transporting pot seedlings. The integrity tests of seedling pot were carried out to evaluate the mechanical properties of rapeseed pot seedlings. The TMS-CONSOLE type texture analyzer produced by American FTC company was used for the integrity tests. Results showed that the stability of transportation was obviously affected by the friction coefficient between seedling pot and materials of key devices in the transmission stage. The dynamic friction coefficient （DFC） between pot and detaching hinge was less than 0.3375, and the DFC between pot and conveyor belt ranged from 0.5 of the DFC between pot and detaching hinge to 0.3375. Accordingly, the rapeseed pot seedlings were transported stationarily. The stability of clamped pots in detaching stage was obviously influenced by the clamping force and clamping height. When the clamping height was lower and the clamping force was larger, the clamped pot seedlings were kept stable more easily. The 3 clamped pots were stable without slippage when the clamping force was more than 0.32 N, and would not flip over when the clamped force was more than 1.2 N. Single fiat compression, repeated fiat compression and repeated line type

关 键 词：农业机械 农作物 移栽 钵苗 分苗装置 分苗过程 钵体完整性 

分 类 号：S223.9[农业科学—农业机械化工程]