西藏高寒河谷流动沙地植被恢复潜力综合评价模型  

Comprehensive evaluation model for revegetation potentiality on moving sandy land in alpine valley of Tibet, China

作　　者：李海东[1] 秦卫华[1] 张涛[1] 沈渭寿[1] 

机构地区：[1]环境保护部南京环境科学研究所,南京210042

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2015年第16期220-228,共9页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：江苏省自然科学基金(BK20130103);国家自然科学基金(41301611)

摘　　要：生境胁迫条件下高寒河谷不同类型沙地植被恢复潜力定量评价,是开展青藏高原退化沙化生态系统植被恢复急需解决的瓶颈问题和决策依据。笔者选择河滩流动沙地、河岸流动沙地和山坡流动沙地3种类型试验样地作为研究对象,结合不同类型沙地的植被演替阶段划分和生境特点,采用层次分析法和模糊综合评价方法,通过构建植被恢复潜力评价指标与标准体系,建立了高寒河谷流动沙地植被恢复潜力综合评价模型。结合2008-2014年的植被恢复试验结果,验证与探讨了该模型的评价精度与适用性。结果表明,山坡流动沙地植被恢复潜力等级为强,河滩流动沙地植被恢复潜力等级为较强,河岸流动沙地植被恢复潜力等级为较弱。气象条件、地形条件和土壤状况决定了生境胁迫条件下植被恢复具备的先天条件,恢复措施则决定了其具备的后天条件。通过强有力的人工促进植被恢复措施即可直接提高寒河谷流动沙地植被恢复潜力,亦可间接改变土壤状况,从而提升植被恢复效果。The large area and fast development of aeolian sandy lands in the Yarlung Zangbo River basin of Tibet, China has caused immense damages to local social and economic development, and thus, it is necessary to carry out a series of ecological engineering to recover vegetation on moving sand dunes. However, revegetation potentiality of moving sandy land has rarely been reported with integrated studies, and under the harsh conditions of habitat stress, revegetation potentiality of different types of moving sandy lands is still unclear, which is one of most important technical bottlenecks and critical basis for policy making as well as for ecological restoration. In this paper, three types of moving sandy lands （on flood plain, on river bank, on mountain slope, respectively） in alpine valley in the middle reaches of the Yarlung Zangbo River basin were first chosen as the study objects, and then evaluation indicators and criterion systems of revegetation potentiality were established on the ground of the division of vegetation succession stages and the analysis of their habitat characteristics on different moving sandy lands. Thereafter, a comprehensive evaluation model for revegetation potentiality （CEMRP） on moving sandy land in the alpine valley was built using the analytic hierarchy process （AHP） and the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method. The results showed that the potentiality of moving sandy land on mountain slope was the strongest at Level I and with the biggest membership degree value （0.2884）, versus little strong to moving sandy land on flood plain at Level II and with the biggest membership degree value （0.2869）, little poor to moving sandy land on river bank at Level IV and with the biggest membership degree value （0.3296）. The congenital conditions which affected the habitat of vegetation growth, such as climate （precipitation, temperature, sunshine duration）, topographic （elevation, slope, aspect） and soil conditions （moisture, pH value, organic matter, total nitrogen

关 键 词：层次分析法 模型 生态系统 生境胁迫 植被恢复潜力 评价模型 决策支持 青藏高原 

分 类 号：S288[农业科学—农业水土工程]