镉在芙蓉鲤鲫养殖水体中的分布及在鱼体的富集研究  

Dynamic Distribution of Cadmium in Aquacultural Environment and Bioaccumulation of Cadmium in Furong Crucian Carp

作　　者：黄华伟[1,2] 李小玲 刘伶俐 陈湘艺 黄向荣 何志刚[1] 李传武[1,3] 

机构地区：[1]湖南省水产科学研究所,湖南长沙410153 [2]农业部渔业产品质量监督检验测试中心(长沙),湖南长沙410153 [3]湖南省水产原种场,湖南长沙410153

出　　处：《湖南农业科学》2015年第7期50-55,共6页Hunan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：湖南省财政厅2014年畜牧水产发展专项(2140107)

摘　　要：以芙蓉鲤鲫为试验材料,在室外水泥池中通过向供试土壤添加5、50、100 mg/kg的外源性镉,并注入池塘水进行芙蓉鲤鲫人工饲养,研究镉在养殖水体和底泥中的动态变化及其在芙蓉鲤鲫组织中的蓄积分布。结果表明,试验组水体中镉含量在试验初期和早期均较高,在试验中期有所降低,在试验后期又出现明显升高;试验组底泥中镉含量均在试验开始初期最高,而在试验中期和后期逐渐降低;试验组芙蓉鲤鲫非可食组织中镉含量明显高于可食组织,其富集规律表现为:肠道>肝脏>鳃>鳞片>皮肤>腹肌>背肌。试验养殖环境条件下芙蓉鲤鲫的肝脏、肠道、鳃和鳞片是镉蓄积的主要部位,水体中镉含量与底泥中镉含量呈正相关,底泥中高浓度的镉可导致养殖水体中镉含量超标,但不会对芙蓉鲤鲫皮肤和肌肉组织的食用安全造成影响。In order to research the dynamic changes of cadmium in culturing pond water and bottom mud and the bioaccumulation and the distribution of cadmium in different tissues of Furong crucian carp, the study added 5 mg/kg, 50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg of exogenous cadmium into tested soil respectively, and filled with pond water to culture Furong crucian carp. The results showed that the content of cadmium in culturing pond water in each tested group was relatively high at the beginning stage and early stage, then declined at the middle stage, and then increased significantly at the late stage. The content of cadmium in culturing pond bottom mud in each tested group was the highest at the beginning stage, and then declined at the middle stage and late stage gradually. The content of cadmium in inedible tissues of Furong crucian carp was obvious higher than that in edible tissues of Furong crucian carp in each tested group, and the enrichment rule showed as intestine〉 liver 〉gill 〉scale 〉skin 〉abdominal muscle 〉dorsal muscle. Moreover, the results also revealed that under the experimental conditions, the liver, the intestine, the gill and the scale of Furong crucian carp were the main parts accumulated cadmium,and the content of cadmium in culturing water had positive correlation with that in culturing bottom mud. High concentration of cadmium in culturing bottom mud could cause the excessive content of cadmium in aquaculture water but it would not affect the edible safety of the skin and the muscle tissues of Furong crucian carp.

关 键 词：镉 养殖环境 芙蓉鲤鲫 富集 动态分布 

分 类 号：X503.225[环境科学与工程—环境工程]